energy Flashcards

1
Q

non renwable resource’s

A

resources that are finite

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2
Q

renwable sources

A

resources that are infinite

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3
Q

non renewable sources examples

A

-oil
-natural gas
-coal
-nuclear

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4
Q

renewable sources examples

A

-solar
-hydroelectricity
-biofuels
-tidal waves
-geothermal
-wind

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5
Q

how is oil obtained

A

traditional drilling and pumping methods

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6
Q

how is natural ga sobtained

A

it is a product of decomposed organic matter burned over time. it flows easily up wells to the surface.

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7
Q

how is coal obtained

A

surface or underground mining

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8
Q

how is nuclear obtained

A

created from the release of energy from nuclear reactions, usually from uranium or plutonium. byproducts are radioactive.

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9
Q

advantages of using nuclear

A

less carbon dioxide emissions
low running costs
uses a small amount of fuel
last longer
no acid rain

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10
Q

disadvantages of using nuclear

A

high start-up costs
fear of radioactive contamination
hard to dispose of nuclear waste
nuclear accidents e.g. Chernobyl or Fukushima
decommissioning costs

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11
Q

how is HEP obtained

A

trap flowing water then release it under greater pressure

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12
Q

how are biofuels obtained

A

manufactured from from living things or from waste

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13
Q

how is tidal/wave energy produced

A

The movement of seawater in and out of a cavity on the shore compresses trapped air, driving a turbine.

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14
Q

how is geothermal energy obtained

A

Cold water is pumped under ground (in a hot volcanic region) and comes out as steam. Steam can be used for heating or to power turbines creating electricity.

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15
Q

how is wind obtained

A

wind turbines capture the wind, which makes the rotors spin and the movement of the blades drives a generator that creates energy.

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16
Q

economic advantage of nuclear power

A

increase in curent electricity generation capacity

17
Q

economic disadvantage of nuclaer power

A

high costs to start up and begin

18
Q

social advantage of nuclear power

A

employment opportunitites

19
Q

social disadvantage of nuclear power

A

public fear of widespread radioactive contamination

20
Q

political advantage of nuclear power

A

could be part owned with another country to futhur international relations

21
Q

envrionmental advantage of nuclear power

A

abundant and low carbon emissions

22
Q

environmental disadvantage of nuclear power

A

possible widespread radioactive contamination

23
Q

advantages of oil and gas over coal

A

fewer carbon dioxide emissions
no acid rain
transport via pipes
oil can be used for plastics

24
Q

disadvantages of using oil and gas

A

possible oil spills
only 50 years of oil left (peak oil)
oil pipelines are potential terrorist targets
political problems of being dependent on russia/middle east for electricity

25
AD and DD of HEP
AD: water in the dam released when electricity needed less carbon dioxide emissions DD: disruption to the environment and nearby settlements expensive to build
26
AD and DD of fuelwood
AD: renewable easy to get the fuel cheap DD: carbon dioxide emissions deforestation air pollution from woodsmoke
27
advanatages and disadvanatges of gerothermal power
AD: -low environmental impact -low maintanence costs -not dependent on weather condintions DD: -high installation costs -limited possible locations
28
AD and DD of solar power
AD: -renewable -no pollution -can be used in remote areas DD: -high initial costs -cannot be harnessed during storms, on cloudy days or at night -limited countries with low annual hours of sunshine -large areas of land required to capture the suns energy in order to generate significant amounts of power
29
how much oil does china use compared to the rest of the world
in 2017 it surpassed the US as the largest oil importer in the world
30
how tall is the yangtze river 3 gorges dam
over 60 stories
31
how long is the 3 gorges dam
over 2km
32
how much power does the 3 gorges dam produce
over 20,000 mW (2x all of britains nuclear power put together)
33
how many underground powerhouses does the 3 gorges dam contain
3
34
how many people were moved so that they weren’t flooded for the construction of the 3 gorges dam
over 1 million