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geography > energy > Flashcards

energy Flashcards

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1
Q

non renwable resource’s

A

resources that are finite

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2
Q

renwable sources

A

resources that are infinite

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3
Q

non renewable sources examples

A

-oil
-natural gas
-coal
-nuclear

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4
Q

renewable sources examples

A

-solar
-hydroelectricity
-biofuels
-tidal waves
-geothermal
-wind

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5
Q

how is oil obtained

A

traditional drilling and pumping methods

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6
Q

how is natural ga sobtained

A

it is a product of decomposed organic matter burned over time. it flows easily up wells to the surface.

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7
Q

how is coal obtained

A

surface or underground mining

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8
Q

how is nuclear obtained

A

created from the release of energy from nuclear reactions, usually from uranium or plutonium. byproducts are radioactive.

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9
Q

advantages of using nuclear

A

less carbon dioxide emissions
low running costs
uses a small amount of fuel
last longer
no acid rain

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10
Q

disadvantages of using nuclear

A

high start-up costs
fear of radioactive contamination
hard to dispose of nuclear waste
nuclear accidents e.g. Chernobyl or Fukushima
decommissioning costs

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11
Q

how is HEP obtained

A

trap flowing water then release it under greater pressure

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12
Q

how are biofuels obtained

A

manufactured from from living things or from waste

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13
Q

how is tidal/wave energy produced

A

The movement of seawater in and out of a cavity on the shore compresses trapped air, driving a turbine.

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14
Q

how is geothermal energy obtained

A

Cold water is pumped under ground (in a hot volcanic region) and comes out as steam. Steam can be used for heating or to power turbines creating electricity.

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15
Q

how is wind obtained

A

wind turbines capture the wind, which makes the rotors spin and the movement of the blades drives a generator that creates energy.

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16
Q

economic advantage of nuclear power

A

increase in curent electricity generation capacity

17
Q

economic disadvantage of nuclaer power

A

high costs to start up and begin

18
Q

social advantage of nuclear power

A

employment opportunitites

19
Q

social disadvantage of nuclear power

A

public fear of widespread radioactive contamination

20
Q

political advantage of nuclear power

A

could be part owned with another country to futhur international relations

21
Q

envrionmental advantage of nuclear power

A

abundant and low carbon emissions

22
Q

environmental disadvantage of nuclear power

A

possible widespread radioactive contamination

23
Q

advantages of oil and gas over coal

A

fewer carbon dioxide emissions
no acid rain
transport via pipes
oil can be used for plastics

24
Q

disadvantages of using oil and gas

A

possible oil spills
only 50 years of oil left (peak oil)
oil pipelines are potential terrorist targets
political problems of being dependent on russia/middle east for electricity

25
Q

AD and DD of HEP

A

AD:
water in the dam released when electricity needed
less carbon dioxide emissions
DD:
disruption to the environment and nearby settlements
expensive to build

26
Q

AD and DD of fuelwood

A

AD:
renewable
easy to get the fuel
cheap
DD:

carbon dioxide emissions
deforestation
air pollution from woodsmoke

27
Q

advanatages and disadvanatges of gerothermal power

A

AD:
-low environmental impact
-low maintanence costs
-not dependent on weather condintions
DD:
-high installation costs
-limited possible locations

28
Q

AD and DD of solar power

A

AD:
-renewable
-no pollution
-can be used in remote areas
DD:
-high initial costs
-cannot be harnessed during storms, on cloudy days or at night
-limited countries with low annual hours of sunshine
-large areas of land required to capture the suns energy in order to generate significant amounts of power

29
Q

how much oil does china use compared to the rest of the world

A

in 2017 it surpassed the US as the largest oil importer in the world

30
Q

how tall is the yangtze river 3 gorges dam

A

over 60 stories

31
Q

how long is the 3 gorges dam

A

over 2km

32
Q

how much power does the 3 gorges dam produce

A

over 20,000 mW (2x all of britains nuclear power put together)

33
Q

how many underground powerhouses does the 3 gorges dam contain

A

3

34
Q

how many people were moved so that they weren’t flooded for the construction of the 3 gorges dam

A

over 1 million

geography (8 decks)

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