Food Part 2 Flashcards
Define food security
When all people at all times have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet dietary needs and food preferences for active and healthy life
What is food availability
Country should have availability of sufficient quantities of food of appropriate quality
What is food stability
People should have access to adequate food at all times. They should not risk losing access to food as consequence of sudden shocks or cyclical events
Define accessibility
Access by individuals to adequate resources for acquiring appropriate foods for nutritious diet
What are the three types of undernutrition
Wasting - low weight for height
Stunting - low height for age
Underweight - low weight for age
Which groups are more affected by poverty and inequality for food insecurity
Sub-Saharan Africa has more extremely poor people than 1990s, extreme poverty is persistent. Most of world’s poor and hungry are rural people who earn meagre amounts from agriculture in primary industries. Poverty also means they are unable to afford technologies to increase yields(e.g. high-yielding seeds, chemical fertiliser)
Trends of economic inequality
Global inequality is narrowing, within-country inequality is rising in fast-growing developing countries
How does conflict and crisis affect food insecurity
Vulnerable people and at-risk communities lose access to range of resources necessary for food production through seizure of natural resources and displacement of land from homes and land. Denial of access and destruction of food stocks are direct violation of international humanitarian and human rights laws
How do agricultural practices contribute to climate change through increased greenhouse emission
Wet-rice cultivation produces methane, cattle ranching leads to higher carbon dioxide emissions due to deforestation, chemical fertilisers release nitrous oxides
How does climate change affect agriculture
Crops/animals may not remain healthy or survive increased temperatures. Pests thrive in warmer climates so crops may be destroyed. Crops/animals cannot survive extreme rainfall resulting in droughts and floods. Increased CO2 levels increases growth of weeds. High frequency of climatic disasters destroys crops/animals, farms and displaces people
What is Singapore’s Food Agency’s strategy of “three food baskets”
Diversifying food sources, growing locally and exploring alternative, underutilised spaces
How does Singapore diversify food sources
Import from multiple sources in about 170 countries and regions worldwide. Food supply remained stable during COVID-19 and result of deliberate whole-of-government strategy to diversify food sources
How does Singapore grow food locally
SFA drives innovation in local farms with goal of producing 30% of Singapore’s nutritional needs by 2030 as part of “30 by 30” plan. Establishment of high-technology and productive farms in Singapore. includes redevelopment of Lim Chu Kang region, 3 times of previous rate of food production
How does Singapore explore alternative, underutilised spaces
Agricultural game-changers are taking root in unconventional areas, indoors on rooftop and in underutilised spaces. Site in these areas have potentially to collectively produce 1600 tonnes of vegetables annually
Define subsistence farming
A form of farming where nearly all of crops or livestock raised are used to maintain farmer and their family, leaving little surplus for trade or sale
