Food And Diet Flashcards
How do animals get food?
They eat other animals and plants and fruit
What is food needed for?
- as a source of energy
- to provide material for growth
What are the five major nutrients?
- carbohydrates
- proteins
- fats
- vitamins
- minerals
Why is water essential for living things?
- it is an excellent solvent
- it allows substances to be transported
When testing for starch what colour is the original colour of the iodine stain and what colour does it turn when starch is present?
Brown/ yellow when starch is not present➡️blue/black when starch is present
When testing for glucose what colour is the original Benedict’s solution and what colour does it go when glucose is present?
Blue when glucose is not present➡️brick red when glucose is present
When testing for protein what colour is the copper sulfate and sodium hydroxide and water when protein is not present compared to in the milk where protein is present?
Blue when protein is not present➡️purple/violet when protein is present
What does a balanced diet deepened on?
- your age
- your gender
- physical activity
The correct amount of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and water
If someone does not have a balanced diet what can the suffer from?
Malnutrition - anorexia/obesity
How much fats, oils and sweets does the food pyramind say we should have a day?
0-3 servings
How much milk, cheese and yogurt does the food pyramid say we should have each day?
2-3 servings a day
How much meat, poultry, fish, beans, eggs and nuts does the food pyramid say we should have a day?
2-3 servings
How much vegetables does the food pyramid say we should have a day?
3-5 servings a day
How much fruit does the food pyramid say we should have a day?
3-4 servings
How much bread, rice, pasta and cereal does the food pyramind say we should have each day?
6-11 servings
What is food made up of?
Chemicals called nutrients
What is the energy in food measured in?
Kj (kilojoules)
What does food give out when it is burned?
Energy
What is the food pyramid?
A guideline showing the types and portions of food needed each day
What is the recommended daily energy requirement for boys aged 12-15?
11,700kj
What is the recommended daily energy requirement for girls aged 12-15?
9,600kj
What are carbohydrates used for?
Sugar - used to provide energy
Starch - to provide energy
cellulose(fibre) - helps prevent constipation
Give an example of carbohydrate sources
Sugar = fruit, honey, milk, soft drinks Starch = potatoes, pasta, bread Cellulose = green vegetables and cereals
What are proteins used for?
For growth and repair of cells, to make muscle and hair
Give examples of proteins?
Lean meat, egg white, soya, nuts, fish
What are fats used for?
- to provide insulation of delicate organs
- to provide a store of energy
- temperature regulations
What are vitamins used for?
Vitamin C : for healthy skin and gums (scurvy)
Vitamin D: to build strong bones and teeth (rickets)
Give examples of vitamins?
Vitamin C : citrus fruits
Vitamin D : cheese, milk, yogurt
What are minerals used for?
Iron : needed to make red blood cells
Calcium : for healthy bones and teeth
Give examples of minerals?
Iron : red meat, liver, cabbage
Calcium : milk, cheese, tinned salmon
How do plants get food?
They make their own food through a process called photosynthesis. They use light energy from the sun to combine carbon dioxide and water to form sugar
