FOM: Law and ethics

Question 1

Utilitarian definition:

Answer 1

• An ethical theory that advocates actions that foster happiness and oppose actions that foster unhappiness

Question 2

• A virtue ethicist:

Answer 2

• Prioritises character and virtues (acting well) over consequences

Question 3

• A deontologist:

Answer 3

• Uses rules to determine right from wrong, intentions over actions (Don’t lie, don’t lie etc.)

Question 4

Four principles to ethics:

Answer 4

• Autonomy
• Beneficence
• Non-maleficence
• Justice

Question 5

Reasons why resource availability doesn’t meet demand: (3)

Answer 5

• Staff shortages
• Inadequate funding to meet demand
• CCG’s choosing to cut/ration certain services

Question 6

Consequentialist:

• Definition
• How is effect measured?

Answer 6

• Distribution on the basis of effectiveness

- Effect of treatment measured in terms of gain in life-years and quality of adjusted life years

Question 7

Equality and egalitarianism: (2)

• Definition
• Reason

Answer 7

• Distributive decisions must be based on the principle of equality
• It is unjust to treat one person but not another as both people are equal

Question 8

Aristotelean:

Answer 8

• People in equal circumstances should be treated equally, unequal circumstance deserves unequal treatment
• Relevant criteria: health behaviour, lifestyle, condition
• Non-relevant criteria: race, sex, mental/physical disability