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Physiology > Focus 9 > Flashcards

Focus 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Ventilation. Gas exchange between air and blood

A

External respiration

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2
Q

Cellular respiration. Gas exchange between blood and tissues.

A

Internal respiration

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3
Q

Contains rigid, nonmuscular cartilage rings that prevents collapse.

A

Trachea and larger bronchi

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4
Q

Smooth muscle. Bronchodilation and bronchoconstriction. No cartilage.

A

Bronchioles

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5
Q

Thin walls. Increase surface area for diffusion.

A

Type I alveolar cells

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6
Q

Encircle each alveolus

A

Pulmonary capillaries

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7
Q

Secrete and produce surfactant

A

Type II alveolar cells

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8
Q

Gets in between water molecules and reduces surface tension, which can collapse lungs

A

Surfactant

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9
Q

Lungs are made up of _______. No muscle.

A

Elastic tissue

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10
Q

Double walled, closed sac that separates each lung from thoracic wall

A

Pleural sac

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11
Q

Lines thoracic cavity wall

A

Parietal pleura

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12
Q

On the surface of the lungs

A

Visceral pleura

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13
Q

Between the 2 pleural layers. No air

A

Pleural cavity

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14
Q

Contained in pleural cavity. Lubricates and reduces friction during breathing

A

Intrapleural fluid

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15
Q

Due to weight of air pressure on us

A

Atmospheric (barometric) pressure

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16
Q

Pressure in lungs. Pressure within alveoli, equals atmospheric pressure between breaths

A

Intra-alveolar pressure

17
Q

Lower than air in lungs and atmospheric pressure. Pressure within pleural sac. Does not equal atmospheric pressure between breaths

A

Intrapleural pressure

18
Q

Increased volume equals decreased pressure. Vice a versa

A

Boyle’s law

19
Q

Inspiration is a____process

A

Active

20
Q

Quiet expiration is a_____process

A

Passive

21
Q

Accessory inspiration muscles and large cavity to greater volume

A

Forced inspiration

22
Q

The most important determinant of resistance

A

Airway radius

23
Q

Increased radius. Decreased resistance. Increased airflow

A

Bronchodilation. (Sympathetic)

24
Q

Decreased radius. Increased resistance. Decreased airflow

A

Bronchoconstriction (parasympathetic)

25
Q

Histamine is a broncho and a vaso

A

Constrictor

Dilator

26
Q

Auto regulatory measures act on smooth muscle of airways and arterials to…

A

Match airflow to bloodflow

27
Q

Refers to how much effort is required to distend the lungs

A

Compliance

28
Q

Refers to how readily the lungs rebound after having been stretched

A

Elastic recoil

29
Q

Compliance and recoil depend on…

A

Elastic tissue and surface tension

30
Q

Function of respiration

A

Obtain O2, eliminate CO2

31
Q

3 ways CO2 is transported in blood

A
  • dissolved in plasma
  • converted to bicarbonate
  • bound to hemoglobin
32
Q

Atmospheric pressure

A

760mmHg

33
Q

Intrapulmonary pressure

A

760mmHg

34
Q

Intrapleural pressure

A

756 mmHg

Physiology (13 decks)

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