fluids and solubility Flashcards
fluid
a material that has the ability to flow
hydrostatics
study of fluids that are not moving
hydrodynamics
study of fluids in motion
specific gravity
ratio of an object’s density of water. either greater than 1 or less than one
pressure =
force/area
pressure in a fluid =
density x acceleration due to gravity x height
at the same depth in a fluid,
the fluid exerts the same pressure and in all directions
pascal’s principle
the pressure applied to a confined fluid increases the pressure throughout the fluid by the same amount
archimedes principal
an object in a fluid (floating or immersed) feels a buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced
if the density of the object is greater than the density of the fluid, it will
sink
if the density of the object is less than the density of the fluid it will
float
if the object sinks, the buyant force is _____ than the true weight of the object
less
if the object floats, the buyout force is ___ than the true weight of the object
greater
a hydrometer measures
specific gravity
flow rates
the volume of fluid passning a particular point per unit time
velocity
displacemet/time . the rate of change of position. the rate of change of velocity is referred to as acceleration
bernoulli’s principle
the faster a fluid flows, the less pressure it exerts
viscosity
measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow. a measure of the resistance of a fluid to deform under shear stress. it is commonly perceived as thickness or resistance to pouring
laminar flow
fluids move without internal turbulences
Reynolds number….?
for a given liquid and tube there is a critical flow rate above which the flow will become turbulent
poiseuille’s theorem
the flow rate for a fluid thru a tube depends on radius , length, pressure difference, viscosity of the fluid
surface tension
the force per unit length acting across any line in the surface and tending to pull the surface apart across the lines
Poiseulle determined that the laminar flow rate of an incompressible fluid along a pipe is proportional to
the fourth power of the pipe’s radius.
venturi effect
the fluid pressure that results when an incompressible fluid flows through a constricted section of pipe
reynolds number is ___ proportional to density
directly
reynolds number is ___ proportional to viscosity
inversely
reynolds number is ____ proportional to radius of tube
directly
pressure at a given depth is independent go
container shape
archimedes principal
an object immersed either totally or partially in a fluid feels a buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced
