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chem S.Horvath > chem review emily > Flashcards

chem review emily Flashcards

1
Q

which element do you avoid in dialysis patients

A

aluminum

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2
Q

which element is associated with neurological/cns problem and cancers

A

aluminum

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3
Q

what heavy metal is opaque in xrays

A

barium

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4
Q

which element is naturally occurring, liquid, and highly toxic

A

bromium

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5
Q

which element is vital for muscle contraction

A

calcium

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6
Q

which element binds with albumin

A

calcium

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7
Q

which elements constipate

A

calcium, iron

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8
Q

which element is used in activated charcoal

A

carbon

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9
Q

which element is found in water and is a neurotoxin

A

fluorine

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10
Q

what the most common atom in the universe

A

hydrogen

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11
Q

whats a colorless, flammable gas

A

hydrogen

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12
Q

whats a metal found in hb

A

iron

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13
Q

what tricks neurons into thinking its sodium

A

lithium

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14
Q

what element is a laxative

A

magnesium

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15
Q

what stabilizes myocardium in hypokalemia

A

ca

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16
Q

what is important for cardiac conduction and maintenance of K levels

A

mg

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17
Q

what is 80% of air

A

nitrogen

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18
Q

whats important in ATP synthesis

A

oxygen

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19
Q

low levels of ___ cause resp collaps

A

phos

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20
Q

low levels of ___ in referring syndrome

A

phos

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21
Q

which element has an inverse relationship with insulin

A

K

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22
Q

which element should you not change rapidly bc of long term/ perm destruction of brain

A

sodium

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23
Q

which has low toxicity/ high strength

A

titanium

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24
Q

which is a blue/silver metal for wound healing, cold relief, calamine lotion

A

zinc

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25
bromium
liquid
26
he needs not having other females around his arm
gases
27
atomic number (Z) means
number of protons
28
ions are
atoms bonded together with a net charge
29
compound
greater than 1 atom in a fixed ratio by mass bonded together
30
molecules
groups of atoms chemically bonded together by covalent bonds (neutral charge)
31
ionic compound
contain both pos and neg charged ions with no identifiable units (not molecules), held together by charges only
32
intensive physical property
integral to material, regardless of amt. (color)
33
extesive physical property
depends on size
34
chemical property
describes the types of chemical changes the material tends to undergo (flammable)
35
substances
pure materials that cant be physically separated. (compound or element)
36
mixture
2 or more pure substances, can sep into simpler substances
37
atomic mass number (A) =
Z + N (protons plus neutrons)
38
the mass number can never be smaller than
the atomic number
39
isotope
same atomic number, different mass number. (diff number of neutrons, same # of protons)
40
daltons atomic theory
o Elements are composed of tiny, indivisible particles(atoms) which are identical and unique to the given element o Compounds are formed by bonding atoms together in a fixed ratio o Chemical reactions do not create, destroy, or change atoms into atoms of other elements; chemical reactions cause atoms to recombine into new substances
41
law of conservation of mass
during a chemical change, no change to total mass (they recombine)
42
law of definite proportions
consistent percentages regardless of sample size. diff samples of a pure compound always contain the same elements in the same proportion by mass
43
law of multiple proportions
some elements can combine to give more than one compound (like carbon burned in 02 produces both CO2 and carbon monoxide
44
periodic table are in oder of increasing
atomic number
45
periodic table vertical
groups/families (similar chemical/physical properties)
46
periodic table rows
periods ; adding electrons to energy levels (electron shells). elements at the end of the row have outer shell full of electrons
47
the atomic weight on periodic table is
the avg of all the isotopes
48
representative elements
high rises on left and right
49
transition elements
connector between the rep elements
50
inner transition elements
at the bottom of the table
51
metals
left side of the table
52
ductile
can drag it out to small think length
53
malleable
can pound down
54
non metals are located
right side of gases
55
solids tend to be
brittle, do not conduct, tend to form anions
56
intermediates
shiny luster, less malleable, and ductile than metals, conduct electricity but not well - semi coductors
57
mercury and bromine are
liquids....gallium melts in your hand
58
noble gases are
hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine
59
electrolyte
a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution conductivity
60
molecular compounds are comprised only of
nonmetals
61
ionic compounds are almost always comprised of
metal + nonmetal
62
salts -
ionic compounds - reaction of an acid and a base
63
which elements antacids
aluminum and ca
64
one of 2 naturally occurring liquids, highly toxic
bromium
65
what element binds to phosphate
ca
66
carbon has __ sites to bind
4
67
toxic green gas, disinfectant (Clorox, other cleaners)
chlorine
68
yellow, poisonous gas,
fluorine
69
topical antiseptics and antithyroid meds
iodine
70
found in each hemoglobin molecule to transport O2 through blood (the +2 is really good for picking up O2-); causes GI upset, constipation, dark stools
iron (fe)
71
should always replace __ before __
mg before k
72
odorless, colorless gas; changes the ionization of a lot of molecules by giving a positive charge
nitrogen
73
element of life d/t ATP synthesis, has a strong tendency to accept electrons
oxygen
74
found in RNA/DNA and ATP
phos
75
prosthetic implants, low toxicity, strong element
Titanium (Ti)
76
PPI’s and H2 receptor blockers:
: reduce the absorption of Fe, Ca, Mg, folic acid, and B-12 b/c they all need an acidic environment to be absorbed
77
substances can be a
compound or element
78
colorless, inert gas used as an MRI coolant
Helium
79
what is used for tocolytic therapy
MG

chem S.Horvath (11 decks)

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