Fluid Volume Disorders and Fluid Therapy

Question 1

what cation is in extracellular fluid compartment

Answer 1

Na+

Question 2

the concentration b/t intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments is maintained by____

Answer 2

Na/K ATPase

Question 3

total body water (60% of body weight) has more extracellular or intracellular fluid?

Answer 3

intracellular fluid

Question 4

main cation in intracellular fluid compartment

Answer 4

K+

Question 5

lower than normal level of K+ in bloodstream

Answer 5

hypovalemia (hypokalemia)

Question 6

what specific glucose is rapidly metabolized and the remaining free water distributes rapidly and evenly throughout the body’s fluid compartments

Answer 6

dextrose 5%

Question 7

this glucose solution is of little value as a resuscitation fluid since it mainly distributes to intra and extracellular fluid compartments, not intravascular

Answer 7

5% dextrose

Question 8

isotonic crystalloids

Answer 8

NaCl 0.9% and Ringer’s lactate

Question 9

appropriate for correcting ECF losses b/c these distribute rapidly throughout ECF compartement

Answer 9

isotonic crystalloids

Question 10

can be used for initial resuscitation of intravascular volume

Answer 10

isotonic crystalloids

Question 11

normal saline (NS) is aka

Answer 11

NaCl 0.9%
(9g NaCl/1000mL water)

Question 12

contains lactate, K+, Ca2+ in addition to Na+ and Cl- ions

Answer 12

Ringer’s lactate

Question 13

hypertonic saline solutions (3% NaCl) induce shift from ICF to ECF and can be used to treat __________

Answer 13

reduce brain edema

Question 14

these remain largely in intravascular space

Answer 14

colloids

Question 15

these are more expensive than crystalloids and have negative side effects

Answer 15

colloids

Question 16

used as part of coma cocktail to a comatose patient

Answer 16

50% dextrose in water