Autonomic Diseases and Drugs

Question 1

this happens when the systolic BP is greater than or equal to 20 mm Hg less upon standing

Answer 1

orthostatic hypotension

Question 2

this happens when the diastolic BP is greater than or equal to 10 mm Hg less upon standing

Answer 2

orthostatic hypotension

Question 3

tx for orthostatic hypotension

Answer 3

medications to increase bp

Question 4

2 drugs used to treat orthostatic hypotension (increase bp)

Answer 4

midodrine
droxidopa

Question 5

what does the convergence of interneurons in spinal cord do to visceral pain

Answer 5

it confuses the brain and it doesn’t know a specific location the pain is coming from so it is referred pain

Question 6

what kind of disorder is multiple system atrophy

Answer 6

autonomic disorder

Question 7

molecular mimicry (autonomic disorder) that mediates demyelination of axon in peripheral nerves

Answer 7

GBS

Question 8

A-block drug used as an antidote for epinephrine that happens before pheochromocytoma surgery

Answer 8

phentolamine

Question 9

beta-1 agonist that treats septic shock/cardiogenic shock (treats low bp)

Answer 9

Dobutamine

Question 10

this NT produces bradycardia at M2

Answer 10

Ach

Question 11

this M-blocker produces tachycardia

Answer 11

Atropine

Question 12

B1 blocker that treats tachyarrhythmia

Answer 12

metoprolol

Question 13

Yes or No: is there parasympathetic innervation of VSMC (vascular)

Answer 13

No

Question 14

what in plasma can produce vasodilation via M3 and release of NO

Answer 14

Ach

Question 15

B2 agonist used to treat asthma

Answer 15

albuterol

Question 16

bronchoconstriction receptor

Answer 16

M3

Question 17

bronchodilation receptor

Answer 17

B2

Question 18

what treats asthma

Answer 18

M3-blocker
B2 agonists

Question 19

D1 (Gs) has what effect on the kidneys

Answer 19

dilates renal blood vessels

Question 20

A2 agonists that decrease NE release and lower bp

Answer 20

clonidine
alpha-methyldopa

Question 21

when M3 predominates, what happens to pupil

Answer 21

constricts

Question 22

when A1 predominates, what happens to pupil

Answer 22

dilates

Question 23

syndrome due to loss of sympathetics
sx’s: ptosis, miosis, enophthalmos, facial anhidrosis

Answer 23

Horner Syndrome

Question 24

what are all of the receptors that work on bladder

Answer 24

Nn, Nm, M3, A1, B3

Question 25

what does Nitric Oxide (NO) do to control of erection

Answer 25

dilates and erects

Question 26

MoA of both NO and Sildenafil leading to erection

Answer 26

both allow increase in cGMP (relaxation and dilation leading to erection)

Question 27

when this is not phosphorylated, it is bound to SERCA and prevents Ca2+ from entering SR

Answer 27

Phospholambin

Question 28

what disinhibits SERCA and allows Ca2+ to come back in SR and then later be released by RyR to cause contraction of muscle

Answer 28

when PKA phosphorylates Phospholamban