Flower Reproduction Flashcards
Flowers are what organs
Sexual organs
What can plants have both of in the same flower
Male and female reproductive organs
What are all the parts of the flower
Peduncle , receptacle , petals , sepals , male structures , female structures
What is a peduncle
A stem
What is a receptacle
Top part of the flower stalk where different parts attach
What are sepals
Small green leaves that protect young buds
Why can sepals photosynthesis
They are green
Why animal pollinated flowers petals brightly colored
To attract pollinators
What is the stamen ?
Male part of flower
What are the 2 parts of the male stamen
Anthers , filaments
Where do the anthers rest
On the filaments
What do anthers produce in their pollen
Male sex cells
What happens when female S cells and male S cells fuse together
This will create a seed that grows into a plant
What do filaments look like
Stalk like structures - some long , some short
What is the female organ in the flower
Pistil
What does the pistil have
Stigma , style , ovary
What do all parts work specifically to do
Receive pollen and transport it . Have it fertilized the ovules
When does the sigma receive pollen
During pollination
What is stigma on top of
Long , narrow style
What happens to stigma when receiving pollen
Becomes sticky so pollen can stick
What is the style
Long tube , connecting stigma with ovary and ovules . Supports stigma in best position to receive pollen
What happens after stigma receives pollen
Pollen tubes grow through the style , from stigma to ovules in ovary
What does the stamen produce
Pollen containing male S cells
How small are pollen grains
Small like specks of dust
What happens if pollination does not occur
No fertilization , plant won’t be able to produce seeds or fruit
Why do plants produce lots of pollen
To maximize chances of pollen being transferred to as many stigmas of different flowers as possible
What does pollination involve with the stamen
Pollen moving from stamens to the stigma of another or same flower
What are the different ways of pollination
Wind , water , animals
What is an ovary
Enlarged structure at base of pistil
What do ovules produce
female S cells
What is within an ovule
Embryo sac
Where will the embryo or tiny seed develop
The ovary
Why don’t wind pollinators produce nectar
Nectar attracts insects
Why are wind pollinators not brightly colored or scented
No need to attract insects
Name a few wind pollinators
Grass flowers , grass wheat , corn
Why must pollen be light and small when wind pollinated
To be carried easier by wind
Why are filaments long with anthers sticking out
So pollen is carried easier by wind
Why do stigmas hang out of wind pollinaters
To catch pollen carried by wind
Where do plants pollinated by water live
Water
Where would we be without pollinators
We wouldn’t have food crops
What contains male s cells , what contains female s cells
Pollen , ovary
What percent do male and female cells contain from parent plant
Half of DNA
In angiosperm how many male s cells are there
2
What happens after pollen lands on mature stigma of flower of same species
Pollen produces a tube
Where does this pollen tube start to grow from
Stigma down style
What does this pollen tube do
Transports male s cells to female ovules
What is the small structure inside ovule called
Embryo sac
What happens when pollen tube bursts into ovule
One of male S cells fertilises the female s cells in embryo sac
What does a fertilised egg develop
A seed
What does the other male s cells join with
Another s cell in embryo sac to form endosperm
What happens after ovary swells and enlarges
Then there is a fruit
After fertilization what happens to ovule inside ovary
Starts to develop into seed and the ovary wall becomes rest of the fruit
Why are their so many different kinds of fruits
Seeds need to be spread to other areas to grow into new plants
What is the gravity fruit dispersal
Fruit falls off tree then rolls as for away from parent tree . Once fallen animal s, water and rolling can move it
How do animals disperse fruit
Animals eat plant , carry seeds in stomach , then drops off later . Some seeds are spicky to stick to animals fur
How are seeds dispersed with explosive force
Seeds explode shooting small , light seeds very away from parent plant
How are seeds dispersed by wind
Light seed carried by wind , some have “wings” like dandelions
How are seeds dispersed in water
Pollen is released and floats to top of water , stigmas lie close to top of water , pollen rushes up against it
What is a angiosperm
Flowering plants
