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Boeing 747 > Flight Controls > Flashcards

Flight Controls Flashcards

1
Q

What is the meaning of a flag on the Stab Trim Indicator?

A

If in view trim indicator is INOP

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2
Q

When are spoiler panels automatically commanded UP (extended)?

A

Speed Brake Lever DN (not armed)

  • main landing gear on the ground
  • Eng 1 AND 3 thrust levers idle and Eng 2 OR 4 thrust reverser lever raised
  • spoilers will retract if Eng 1 OR 3 thrust lever moved above idle (go around protection)

Speed Brake Lever ARMED:

  • main landing gear on the ground
  • Eng 1 AND 3 thrust levers idle
  • spoilers will retract if Eng 1 OR 3 thrust lever moved above idle (go around protection)
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3
Q

Flap Lever Positions and Normal TO/LNDG ranges

A 
UP
1 - stop gate - Inboard and Midspan Leading Edge Flaps extend
5 - all leading edge flaps extend
10 - normal TO range
20 - stop gate - normal TO range 
25 - normal LNDG range
30 - normal LNDG range
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4
Q

In transit what does the white flap position indicator translate?

A

The actual position fo the slowest trailing edge flap group

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5
Q

What EICAS messages indicate Flaps are not operating normally?

A
  • FLAPS CONTROL
  • FLAPS DRIVE
  • FLAPS PRIMARY
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6
Q

Flight Control Surfaces

A

Pitch:

  • 4 elevator surfaces
  • movable horizontal stabilizer

Roll:

  • 4 ailerons
  • 10 (of 12 panels) spoilers

Yaw:
- upper and lower rudder

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7
Q

Elevator Control

A
  • hydraulically actuated, mechanically commanded through control wheel
  • inputs hydraulically actuated inboard elevators
    • Left Inboard: HYD 1 and 2
    • Right Inboard: HYD 3 and 4
  • inboard elevator panel position controls related outboard elevator actuator
    • Left Outboard: HYD 1
    • Right Outboard: HYD 4
  • Artificial feel provided thought Elevator Feel Unit (HYD 2 and 3)
    • elevator feel a function of airspeed
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8
Q

Stabilizer Trim

A

2 Channels:

  • Normal (control wheel trim switches)
  • Alternate (alternate trim switches

2 Stabilizer Trim Control Modules each command an actuator

  • HYD 2 ——> Stab Trim Control Module
  • HYD 3 ——> Stab Trim Control Module
  • with only one STCM trim is at 1/2 rate

*Alternate Trim overrides autopilot and does not disengage AP

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9
Q

How is takeoff trim calculated?

A
  • FMS gross weight
  • center of gravity
  • takeoff thrust selection
  • takeoff flap setting entry
  • green band is cross checked with position of nose hear pressure switch
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10
Q

Speed outboard ailerons are locked at neutral

A

238 knts

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11
Q

Which control surfaces are available for roll control with a control wheel jammed?

A
  • ailerons corresponding to free control wheel

- half the flight spoilers

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12
Q

Which spoiler surfaces are used for roll control in flight?

A

All surfaces except inboard spoiler

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13
Q

Aileron Control

A

Inboard and Outboard Ailerons are hydraulically controlled

Left Outboard - HYD 1 and 2
Right Outboard - HYD 3 and 4
Left Inboard - HYD 1 and 3
Right Inboard - HYD 2 and 4

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14
Q

What’s installed to overcome a flight control surface jam?

A

Elevator - shearouts between inboard and outboard surfaces
Aileron - shearouts between control wheels
Rudder - shearouts in rudder system

*significant force must be applied to control wheel or rudder pedals

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15
Q

Purpose of Rudder Ratio Changer

A
  • two rudder ratio changer systems (Upper and Lower)
  • reduces rudder surface response as airspeed increases
  • protects vertical tail from stress from large rudder inputs at high airspeed
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16
Q

Purpose of Yaw Dampers

A
  • two yaw dampers (upper and lower)
  • upper powered by HYD 3
  • lower powered by HYD 2
  • improve lateral and directional stability
  • provides turn coordination
  • counters yaw with control inputs to prevent Dutch roll tendency
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17
Q

Rudder Control

A

Mechanically controlled via rudder pedals, hydraulically actuated

  • upper surface has 3 actuators (HYD 1 - top; HYD 3 - middle and bottom)
  • lower surface has 2 actuators (HYD 4 - top; HYD 2 - bottom)

Rudder trim is available through rudder trim selector
-rudder feel and trim mechanism reposition neutral point

18
Q

How many spoiler surfaces?

A

12 spoilers (6 per wing)

  • all 6 panels on each wing for ground spoilers
  • 4 inboard on each wing used for speed breaks
  • 5 outboard used for roll
  • left wing 4th spoiler in from wingtip used for EICAS position
  • right wing outboard-most spoiler used for EICAS position (will not show Speedbrake indication)
19
Q

Which Hydraulic Systems control spoilers?

A

HYD 2, 3, and 4

3,2,2,3 4,4 4,4 3,2,2,3

20
Q

Flap Groups

A

Leading Edge (pneumatically powered from bleed air)

  • outboard group
  • midspan group
  • inboard group

Training Edge

  • inboard group (powered by HYD 1)
  • outboard group (powered by HYD 4)
21
Q

How many leading edge flaps?

A

Inboard - 3
Midspan - 5
Outboard - 6

22
Q

How are the flaps controlled?

A

Flap lever transmits desired position to Flap Control Units
- 3 identical FCUs

FCUs:

  • control flaps in primary or secondary mode
  • control flap sequencing
  • control asymmetry, disagreements, and uncommanded motion
  • control flap and load relief in primary mode only
  • send flap position information to EICAS and other systems

Drive Units

  • each LE Flap group has its own unit
    • pneumatic power in Primary Mode
    • electric motor secondary/alternate mode
  • each TE Flap group has its own unit
    • hydraulic power in Primary Mode
    • electric motor secondary/alternate mode
23
Q

Flap control modes

A

Primary:

  • leading edge pneumatically from bleed air
  • trailing edge hydraulically (HYD 1 and 4)

Secondary

  • leading and trailing edge flaps driven through electric motors
  • flaps move much slower than in Primary mode

Alternate

  • FCUs are bypassed
  • all flaps are extended or retracted by electric motor
  • flap lever inoperative
24
Q

Flaps Sequencing

A

Primary and Secondary Modes:

Up to 1: leading edge inboard and midspan groups extend
1 to 5: leading edge outboard group extend and all trailing edge groups move to 5
10, 20, 25, 30: trailing edge groups move to selected position

Alternate mode:

Extension: leading and trailing edge flaps extend immediately
*maximum extension for trailing edge flaps is 25
Retraction: all leading edge flaps retract after all trailing edge flaps have been retracted

25
Q

Flap Load Relief

A
  • only available in Primary Mode

- if airspeed limit is exceed in flaps 25 or 30 flaps will retract to 20 or 25 as needed

26
Q

What happens to Elevator Feel if HYD SYS #2 and #3 fail?

A
  • The Elevator Feel Sys is unavailable
  • feel forces are provided by mechanical springs
    • elevator feel is not a function of airspeed
27
Q

Purpose of STAB TRIM CUT OUT switches

A
  • control hydraulic pressure to STCMS
  • In AUTO: HYD pressure is automatically cutout for uncommanded trim
  • CUTOUT: manually disables the affected trim system
  • ON: overrides automatic cutout
28
Q

Which spoiler panels are referenced on the STAT synoptic page?

A
  • Panel #4 (Roll spoiler, ground spoiler, speedbrake)

- Panel #12 (roll spoiler, ground spoiler)

29
Q

Position for flight spoilers with lever in FLIGHT DETENT

A
  • two inboard spoilers move to mid-travel position

- two middle spoilers move to full-travel position

30
Q

> SPEEDBRAKES EXT

A

Lever aft of ARM:

  • between 15’ RA and 800’ RA; or
  • flaps set for landing; or
  • two more more thrust levers forward of idle
31
Q

How is rudder trim applied?

A
  • Manual rotation of rudder control knob
  • activates a motor which gives input to feel and trim unit
  • feel and trim unit repositions the neutral point
32
Q

What happens if a rudder ratio changer fails?

A
  • the response of the associate rudder panel or the rudder pedal inputs remain the same as when the failure occurred
33
Q

Does the Stab Trim switch on the control wheel cause autopilot disconnection?

A
  • With single AP engaged: YES

- With multiple APs engaged: control wheel switches inhibited

34
Q

What does the Alternate Flap Arm switch do?

A
  • turns off primary and secondary mode

- arms alternate control mode

35
Q

If one flap group fails to secondary mode what happens to the remaining flap groups?

A
  • The symmetrical flap group on the other wing will switch to secondary
  • LE Midspan and Inboard switch to secondary together
    *
36
Q

FLAP DRIVE EICAS message

A
  • One or more flap groups fail to drive in secondary mode, or
  • asymmetry condition detected
37
Q

Purpose of Spoiler Mixers

A

Combine Speedbrake Lever and Control Wheel inputs allowing roll inputs to deflect spoiler panels up and down when Speedbrakes and ground spoilers are in use

38
Q

> STAB GREENBAND

A

Nose gear pressure switch disagrees with the calculated stabilizer green band

39
Q

Amber X on Flap Indication

A
  • position sensor for flap has failed
  • when STBY Bus is the only AC source, left wing trailing edge flaps sensors are not powered (left outboard & left inboard) - amber X’s will be displayed
40
Q

Amber Solid Box/Crosshatch/Open Box on expanded flap indication

A

Amber Solid Box - drive unit inop with flap group retracted
Amber Crosshatch - drive unit inop with flap group in transit
Amber Open Box - drive unit inop with flap group extended

Boeing 747 (21 decks)

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