Flagellates Flashcards
Flagellates (Phylum Sarcomastigophora)
Phylum: Protozoa
Subphylum: Mastigophora
Class: Zoomastigophora
Presence of whiplike structures in the movement of the flagellates is known as?
Flagella –> locomotive part
Order Trichomonadida
I. Trichomonas tenax
II. Trichomonas hominis
Order Diplomonadida
Giardia Lamblia
Genus Kinetoplastida (Genus Leishmania and Trypanosoma)
L. Donovani L. Tropica L. Braziliense Trypanosoma Cruzi Trypanosoma gambiense Trypanosoma Rhodesiense
Order Retortamonadida
Chilomastix mesnili
Classification of Flagellates
I. Intestinal Species II. Atrial III. Blood and Tissue IV. Extraintestinal V. Luminal
What are the intestinal species?
I. Giardia intestinalis / lamblia II. Chilomastix mesnili III. Dientamoeba fragilis IV. Trichomonas hominis V. Enteromonas hominis VI. Retortamonas intestinalis
What are the atrial flagellates?
I. Trichomonas tenax
II. Trichomonas vaginalis
What are the extraintestinal species?
I. Trichonomas tenax
II. Trichonomas vaginalis
What are the blood and tissue flagellates?
Leishmania and Trypanosomes
What are the luminal flagellates?
I. Giardia Lamblia
II. Chilomastix Mesnili
III. Trichomonas Hominis
True about Giardia lamblia cyst? I. 8-17um x 6-10um II. Shape: \_\_\_\_\_ III. Nuclei and Cytoplasm: May have \_\_\_ young cyst; May have \_\_\_ Mature Cyst; Four Central Karyosomes; \_\_\_ Peripheral Chromatin Cytoplasm is retracted from cell wall IV. ODC: Parabasal bodies: Two in immature cyst or four in fully mature cyst Interior flagellar structures \_\_\_\_\_ Axostyle
I. 8-17um x 6-10um II. Ovoid III. Nuclei and Cytoplasm: May have 3 young cyst; May have 4 Mature Cyst; Four Central Karyosomes; No Peripheral Chromatin Cytoplasm is retracted from cell wall IV. ODC: Parabasal bodies: Two in immature cyst or four in fully mature cyst Interior flagellar structures Oblique Axostyle
True about Giardia lamblia cyst? I. 8-17um x 6-10um II. Shape: \_\_\_\_\_\_ III. Nuclei and Cytoplasm: May have \_\_ young cyst May have 4 Mature Cyst Four Central Karyosomes \_\_\_ Peripheral Chromatin Cytoplasm is retracted from cell wall IV. ODC: Parabasal bodies: Two in immature cyst or four in fully mature cyst Interior flagellar structures Oblique Axostyle
I. 8-17um x 6-10um II. Ovoid III. Nuclei and Cytoplasm: May have 3 young cyst May have 4 Mature Cyst Four Central Karyosomes No Peripheral Chromatin Cytoplasm is retracted from cell wall IV. ODC: Parabasal bodies: Two in immature cyst or four in fully mature cyst Interior flagellar structures Oblique Axostyle
True about Giardia lamblia trophozoite? I. 8-20 x 5-16um II. Shape: \_\_\_\_- Shape (\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Symmetry) III. Motility: Falling \_\_\_\_ IV. Flagella: \_\_\_\_ Pairs - One Pairs in Anterior, Posterior end - Two pair central, extending lateral -Two ovoid- shaped, each with large karyosome \_\_\_\_ peripheral chromatin V. OS: Two Parabasal Bodies Two \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Sucking disk
I. 8-20 x 5-16um II. Tear- Shape (Bilateral Symmetry) III. Motility: Falling Leaf IV. Flagella: Four Pairs - One Pairs in Anterior, Posterior end - Two pair central, extending lateral -Two ovoid- shaped, each with large karyosome No peripheral chromatin V. OS: Two Parabasal Bodies Two Axonemes Sucking disk
Traveler’s disease, Giardiasis
Giardia lamblia
True about Chilomastix mesnili cyst?
I. 5-10um long
II. ______-Shaped with ______ Knob in anterior end
III. N&C: _____ nucleus with large _____ karyosome
IV. ODC: ____ Peripheral Chromatin
Well-defined cytostome located on one side of the nucleus
I. 5-10um long
II. Lemon Shaped with Hyaline Knob in anterior end
III. N&C: One nucleus with large central karyosome
IV. ODC: No Peripheral Chromatin
Well-defined cytostome located on one side of the nucleus
True about Chilomastix mesnili trophozoite? I. 5-25 x 5-10 II. \_\_\_\_\_\_-Shape III. Motility: \_\_\_\_, Rotary direction Corkscrew IV. Flagella: \_\_\_\_ - Three extends from anterior - One extending posterior V. Nuclei: \_\_\_\_\_, with small central or eccentric karyosome \_\_\_\_ Peripheral Chromatin VI. OS: Prominent cytostome extending almost half of body length \_\_\_\_\_\_ groove
I. 5-25 x 5-10 II. Pear Shape III. Motility: Stiff, Rotary direction Corkscrew IV. Flagella: Four - Three extends from anterior - One extending posterior V. Nuclei: One, with small central or eccentric karyosome No Peripheral Chromatin VI. OS: Prominent cytostome extending almost half of body length Spiral groove
True about Enteromonas hominis cyst? I. 3-10um x 4-7um II. \_\_\_\_\_, Elongated III. N&C: \_\_\_\_ to \_\_\_\_ nuclei • \_\_\_\_\_ and Quadrinucleated nuclei located at opposite ends \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Karyosome \_\_\_ Peripheral Chromatin IV. ODC: No other characteristics
I. 3-10um x 4-7um II. Oval, Elongated III. N&C: One to four nuclei • Binucleated and Quadrinucleated nuclei located at opposite ends Central Karyosome No Peripheral Chromatin IV. ODC: No other characteristics
True about Enteromonas hominis trophozoite? I. 3-10 x 3-7 II. Oval, or \_\_\_\_-\_\_\_\_ III. Motility: \_\_\_\_ IV. Flagella: \_\_\_\_ - Three anteriorly - One posteriorly V. Nuclei: One with \_\_\_\_\_ karyosome \_\_ Peripheral Chromatin V. OS: No other characteristics
I. 3-10 x 3-7 II. Oval, or half-circle III. Motility: Jerky IV. Flagella: Four - Three anteriorly - One posteriorly V. Nuclei: One with central karyosome No Peripheral Chromatin V. OS: No other characteristics
True about Retortamonas intestinalis cyst?
I. 3-9um x 5
II. _____- shaped, _____- shaped
III. N&C: ____ nucleus, located in the anterior central region with central karyosome.
May be surrounded by delicate ring of _____ granules
IV. ODC: Two fused fibrils resembling a ____ beak in the anterior nuclear region, only visible in stained preparations
I. 3-9um x 5
II. Lemon- shaped, pear- shaped
III. N&C: One nucleus, located in anterior central region with central karyosome.
May be surrounded by delicate ring of chromatin granules
IV. ODC: Two fused fibrils resembling a bird’s beak in the anterior nuclear region, only visible in stained preparations
True about Retortamonas intestinalis trophozoite?
I. 3-7um x 5-6
II. Shape: ____
III. Motility: _______
IV. Flagella: ____, anterior
V. Nuclei: One, with small central karyosome
Ring of chromatin granules may be on nuclear membrane
VI. OS: _____ extending halfway down body length with well-defined fibril border
I. 3-7um x 5-6
II. Ovoid
III. Motility: Jerky
IV. Flagella: Two, anterior
V. Nuclei: One, with small central karyosome
Ring of chromatin granules may be on nuclear membrane
VI. OS: Cytostome extending halfway down body length with well-defined fibril border
True about Dientamoeba fragilis trophozoite?
I. 5-18um
II. _____ Round
III. Motility: _________, Broad Hyaline Pseudopodia
IV. ____ Flagella
V. Nuclei: ____, each consisting of massed ____ of four to eight chromatin granules
___ Peripheral Chromatin
VI. OS: CYTOPLASM: Has _____- filled vacuoles common
I. 5-18um
II. Irregularly Round
III. Motility: Progressive, Broad Hyaline Pseudopodia
IV. No Flagella
V. Nuclei: Two, each consisting of massed clumps of four to eight chromatin granules
No Peripheral Chromatin
VI. OS: CYTOPLASM: Has bacteria- filled vacuoles common
True about Enteromonas hominis trophozoite?
I. 7-20 x 5-18
II. ______-Shape
III. Motility: ______, Jerky
IV. Flagella: _____ to five anterior
One posterior extending from the undulating membrane
V. Nuclei: One, with a _____ central karyosome
_____ Peripheral Chromatin
VI. OS: ______ is semi-rigid, that extends beyond the posterior end of the body
Full body length
undulating membrane
Conical Cytostome cleft in anterior region
Scattered fine granules
I. 7-20 x 5-18
II. Pear Shape
III. Motility: Nervous, Jerky
IV. Flagella: Three to five anterior
One posterior extending from the undulating membrane
V. Nuclei: One, with a small central karyosome
No Peripheral Chromatin
VI. OS: Axostyle is semi-rigid, that extends beyond the posterior end of the body
Full body length
undulating membrane
Conical Cytostome cleft in anterior region
Scattered fine granules
True about Trichomonas tenax trophozoite?
I. 5-14um
II. Oval, _____-Shape
III. Motility: ____-motile
IV. Flagella: ____ total,
Four extends anteriorly
One extends posteriorly
V. Nuclei: ____, ovoid nucleus consisting of _____ region filled with chromatin granules
VI. OS: Undulating membrane
extending two thirds of body length with accompanying costa
Thick axostyle curves around nucleus
Small anterior cytostome
Granules in cytoplasm are few and discrete
I. 5-14um II. Oval, Pear Shape III. Motility: Non-motile IV. Flagella: Five total, Four extends anteriorly One extends posteriorly V. Nuclei: One, ovoid nucleus consisting of vesicular region filled with chromatin granules VI. OS: Undulating membrane extending two thirds of body length with accompanying costa Thick axostyle curves around nucleus Small anterior cytostome Granules in cytoplasm are few and discrete
True about Trichomonas vaginalis? I. Up to 30um long II. Ovoid, round to \_\_\_\_\_-shape III. Motility: \_\_\_\_\_\_, Jerky IV. Flagella: All originating anteriorly \_\_\_\_\_ extending anteriorly \_\_\_\_ extending posteriorly V. Nuclei: \_\_\_\_ ovoid, nondescript VI. OS: Undulating Membrane extending half of body length Prominent axostyle that often curves around nucleus; siderophil granules may be seen \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is split into several fibrils
I. Up to 30um long II. Ovoid, round to pear-shape III. Motility: Rapid, Jerky IV. Flagella: All originating anteriorly 3-5 extending anteriorly One extending posteriorly V. Nuclei: One ovoid, nondescript VI. OS: Undulating Membrane extending half of body length Prominent axostyle that often curves around nucleus; siderophil granules may be seen Axostyle is split into several fibrils
What species are considered as nonpathogen?
- Chilomastix mesnili
- Enteromonas hominis
- Retortamonas intestinalis
- Trichomonas vaginalis
What species are considered as nonpathogen?
- Chilomastix mesnili
- Enteromonas hominis
- Retortamonas intestinalis
- Trichomonas vaginalis
Common associated disease with T. vaginalis?
- Persistent urethritis
- Persistent vaginitis
- infant Trichomonas vaginalis infection
