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Clinical Parasitology > Flagellates > Flashcards

Flagellates Flashcards

1
Q

Flagellates (Phylum Sarcomastigophora)

A

Phylum: Protozoa
Subphylum: Mastigophora
Class: Zoomastigophora

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2
Q

Presence of whiplike structures in the movement of the flagellates is known as?

A

Flagella –> locomotive part

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3
Q

Order Trichomonadida

A

I. Trichomonas tenax

II. Trichomonas hominis

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4
Q

Order Diplomonadida

A

Giardia Lamblia

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5
Q

Genus Kinetoplastida (Genus Leishmania and Trypanosoma)

A 
L. Donovani
L. Tropica
L. Braziliense
Trypanosoma Cruzi
Trypanosoma gambiense Trypanosoma Rhodesiense
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6
Q

Order Retortamonadida

A

Chilomastix mesnili

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7
Q

Classification of Flagellates

A 
I. Intestinal Species
II. Atrial
III. Blood and Tissue
IV. Extraintestinal
V. Luminal
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8
Q

What are the intestinal species?

A 
I. Giardia intestinalis / lamblia
II. Chilomastix mesnili
III. Dientamoeba fragilis
IV. Trichomonas hominis
V. Enteromonas hominis
VI. Retortamonas intestinalis
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9
Q

What are the atrial flagellates?

A

I. Trichomonas tenax

II. Trichomonas vaginalis

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10
Q

What are the extraintestinal species?

A

I. Trichonomas tenax

II. Trichonomas vaginalis

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11
Q

What are the blood and tissue flagellates?

A

Leishmania and Trypanosomes

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12
Q

What are the luminal flagellates?

A

I. Giardia Lamblia
II. Chilomastix Mesnili
III. Trichomonas Hominis

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13
Q 
True about Giardia lamblia cyst?
I. 8-17um x 6-10um
II. Shape: \_\_\_\_\_
III. Nuclei and Cytoplasm: May have \_\_\_ young cyst;  May have \_\_\_ Mature Cyst; Four Central Karyosomes; \_\_\_ Peripheral Chromatin
Cytoplasm is retracted from cell wall
IV. ODC: Parabasal bodies:
Two in immature cyst or four in fully mature cyst
Interior flagellar structures
\_\_\_\_\_ Axostyle
A 
I. 8-17um x 6-10um
II. Ovoid
III. Nuclei and Cytoplasm: May have 3 young cyst; May have 4 Mature Cyst;  Four Central Karyosomes; No Peripheral Chromatin
Cytoplasm is retracted from cell wall
IV. ODC: Parabasal bodies:
Two in immature cyst or four in fully mature cyst
Interior flagellar structures
Oblique Axostyle
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13
Q 
True about Giardia lamblia cyst?
I. 8-17um x 6-10um
II. Shape: \_\_\_\_\_\_
III. Nuclei and Cytoplasm: May have \_\_ young cyst  May have 4 Mature Cyst Four Central Karyosomes \_\_\_ Peripheral Chromatin
Cytoplasm is retracted from cell wall
IV. ODC: Parabasal bodies:
Two in immature cyst or four in fully mature cyst
Interior flagellar structures
Oblique Axostyle
A 
I. 8-17um x 6-10um
II. Ovoid
III. Nuclei and Cytoplasm: May have 3 young cyst  May have 4 Mature Cyst Four Central Karyosomes No Peripheral Chromatin
Cytoplasm is retracted from cell wall
IV. ODC: Parabasal bodies:
Two in immature cyst or four in fully mature cyst
Interior flagellar structures
Oblique Axostyle
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14
Q 
True about Giardia lamblia trophozoite?
I. 8-20 x 5-16um
II. Shape: \_\_\_\_- Shape
(\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Symmetry)
III. Motility: Falling \_\_\_\_
IV. Flagella: \_\_\_\_ Pairs
- One Pairs in Anterior, Posterior end
- Two pair central, extending lateral
-Two ovoid- shaped, each with large karyosome
\_\_\_\_ peripheral chromatin
V. OS: Two Parabasal Bodies
Two \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Sucking disk
A 
I. 8-20 x 5-16um
II. Tear- Shape
(Bilateral Symmetry)
III. Motility: Falling Leaf
IV. Flagella: Four Pairs
- One Pairs in Anterior, Posterior end
- Two pair central, extending lateral
-Two ovoid- shaped, each with large karyosome
No peripheral chromatin
V. OS: Two Parabasal Bodies
Two Axonemes Sucking disk
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15
Q

Traveler’s disease, Giardiasis

A

Giardia lamblia

16
Q

True about Chilomastix mesnili cyst?
I. 5-10um long
II. ______-Shaped with ______ Knob in anterior end
III. N&C: _____ nucleus with large _____ karyosome
IV. ODC: ____ Peripheral Chromatin
Well-defined cytostome located on one side of the nucleus

A

I. 5-10um long
II. Lemon Shaped with Hyaline Knob in anterior end
III. N&C: One nucleus with large central karyosome
IV. ODC: No Peripheral Chromatin
Well-defined cytostome located on one side of the nucleus

17
Q 
True about Chilomastix mesnili trophozoite?
I. 5-25 x 5-10
II. \_\_\_\_\_\_-Shape
III. Motility: \_\_\_\_, Rotary direction
Corkscrew
IV. Flagella: \_\_\_\_
- Three extends from anterior
- One extending posterior
V. Nuclei: \_\_\_\_\_, with small central or eccentric karyosome
\_\_\_\_ Peripheral Chromatin
VI. OS: Prominent cytostome extending almost half of body length
\_\_\_\_\_\_ groove
A 
I. 5-25 x 5-10
II. Pear Shape
III. Motility: Stiff, Rotary direction
Corkscrew
IV. Flagella: Four
- Three extends from anterior
- One extending posterior
V. Nuclei: One, with small central or eccentric karyosome
No Peripheral Chromatin
VI. OS: Prominent cytostome extending almost half of body length
Spiral groove
18
Q 
True about Enteromonas hominis cyst?
I. 3-10um x 4-7um
II. \_\_\_\_\_, Elongated
III. N&C: \_\_\_\_ to \_\_\_\_ nuclei
• \_\_\_\_\_ and Quadrinucleated nuclei located at opposite ends
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Karyosome
\_\_\_ Peripheral Chromatin
IV. ODC: No other characteristics
A 
I. 3-10um x 4-7um
II. Oval, Elongated
III. N&C: One to four nuclei
• Binucleated and Quadrinucleated nuclei located at opposite ends
Central Karyosome
No Peripheral Chromatin
IV. ODC: No other characteristics
19
Q 
True about Enteromonas hominis trophozoite?
I. 3-10 x 3-7
II. Oval, or \_\_\_\_-\_\_\_\_
III. Motility: \_\_\_\_
IV. Flagella: \_\_\_\_
- Three anteriorly
- One posteriorly
V. Nuclei: One with \_\_\_\_\_ karyosome
\_\_ Peripheral Chromatin
V. OS: No other characteristics
A 
I. 3-10 x 3-7
II. Oval, or half-circle
III. Motility: Jerky
IV. Flagella: Four
- Three anteriorly
- One posteriorly
V. Nuclei: One with central karyosome
No Peripheral Chromatin
V. OS: No other characteristics
20
Q

True about Retortamonas intestinalis cyst?
I. 3-9um x 5
II. _____- shaped, _____- shaped
III. N&C: ____ nucleus, located in the anterior central region with central karyosome.
May be surrounded by delicate ring of _____ granules
IV. ODC: Two fused fibrils resembling a ____ beak in the anterior nuclear region, only visible in stained preparations

A

I. 3-9um x 5
II. Lemon- shaped, pear- shaped
III. N&C: One nucleus, located in anterior central region with central karyosome.
May be surrounded by delicate ring of chromatin granules
IV. ODC: Two fused fibrils resembling a bird’s beak in the anterior nuclear region, only visible in stained preparations

21
Q

True about Retortamonas intestinalis trophozoite?
I. 3-7um x 5-6
II. Shape: ____
III. Motility: _______
IV. Flagella: ____, anterior
V. Nuclei: One, with small central karyosome
Ring of chromatin granules may be on nuclear membrane
VI. OS: _____ extending halfway down body length with well-defined fibril border

A

I. 3-7um x 5-6
II. Ovoid
III. Motility: Jerky
IV. Flagella: Two, anterior
V. Nuclei: One, with small central karyosome
Ring of chromatin granules may be on nuclear membrane
VI. OS: Cytostome extending halfway down body length with well-defined fibril border

22
Q

True about Dientamoeba fragilis trophozoite?
I. 5-18um
II. _____ Round
III. Motility: _________, Broad Hyaline Pseudopodia
IV. ____ Flagella
V. Nuclei: ____, each consisting of massed ____ of four to eight chromatin granules
___ Peripheral Chromatin
VI. OS: CYTOPLASM: Has _____- filled vacuoles common

A

I. 5-18um
II. Irregularly Round
III. Motility: Progressive, Broad Hyaline Pseudopodia
IV. No Flagella
V. Nuclei: Two, each consisting of massed clumps of four to eight chromatin granules
No Peripheral Chromatin
VI. OS: CYTOPLASM: Has bacteria- filled vacuoles common

23
Q

True about Enteromonas hominis trophozoite?
I. 7-20 x 5-18
II. ______-Shape
III. Motility: ______, Jerky
IV. Flagella: _____ to five anterior
One posterior extending from the undulating membrane
V. Nuclei: One, with a _____ central karyosome
_____ Peripheral Chromatin
VI. OS: ______ is semi-rigid, that extends beyond the posterior end of the body
Full body length
undulating membrane
Conical Cytostome cleft in anterior region
Scattered fine granules

A

I. 7-20 x 5-18
II. Pear Shape
III. Motility: Nervous, Jerky
IV. Flagella: Three to five anterior
One posterior extending from the undulating membrane
V. Nuclei: One, with a small central karyosome
No Peripheral Chromatin
VI. OS: Axostyle is semi-rigid, that extends beyond the posterior end of the body
Full body length
undulating membrane
Conical Cytostome cleft in anterior region
Scattered fine granules

24
Q

True about Trichomonas tenax trophozoite?
I. 5-14um
II. Oval, _____-Shape
III. Motility: ____-motile
IV. Flagella: ____ total,
Four extends anteriorly
One extends posteriorly
V. Nuclei: ____, ovoid nucleus consisting of _____ region filled with chromatin granules
VI. OS: Undulating membrane
extending two thirds of body length with accompanying costa
Thick axostyle curves around nucleus
Small anterior cytostome
Granules in cytoplasm are few and discrete

A 
I. 5-14um
II. Oval, Pear Shape
III. Motility: Non-motile
IV. Flagella: Five total,
Four extends anteriorly
One extends posteriorly
V. Nuclei: One, ovoid nucleus consisting of vesicular region filled with chromatin granules
VI. OS: Undulating membrane
extending two thirds of body length with accompanying costa
Thick axostyle curves around nucleus
Small anterior cytostome
Granules in cytoplasm are few and discrete
25
Q 
True about Trichomonas vaginalis?
I. Up to 30um long
II. Ovoid, round to \_\_\_\_\_-shape
III. Motility: \_\_\_\_\_\_, Jerky
IV. Flagella: All originating anteriorly
\_\_\_\_\_ extending anteriorly
\_\_\_\_ extending posteriorly
V. Nuclei: \_\_\_\_ ovoid, nondescript
VI. OS: Undulating Membrane
extending half of body length
Prominent axostyle that often curves around nucleus; siderophil granules may be seen
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is split into several fibrils
A 
I. Up to 30um long
II. Ovoid, round to pear-shape
III. Motility: Rapid, Jerky
IV. Flagella: All originating anteriorly
3-5 extending anteriorly
One extending posteriorly
V. Nuclei: One ovoid, nondescript
VI. OS: Undulating Membrane
extending half of body length
Prominent axostyle that often curves around nucleus; siderophil granules may be seen
Axostyle is split into several fibrils
26
Q

What species are considered as nonpathogen?

A
  • Chilomastix mesnili
  • Enteromonas hominis
  • Retortamonas intestinalis
  • Trichomonas vaginalis
26
Q

What species are considered as nonpathogen?

A
  • Chilomastix mesnili
  • Enteromonas hominis
  • Retortamonas intestinalis
  • Trichomonas vaginalis
27
Q

Common associated disease with T. vaginalis?

A
  • Persistent urethritis
  • Persistent vaginitis
  • infant Trichomonas vaginalis infection

Clinical Parasitology (8 decks)

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