FINISHED Adrenergic Drugs

Question 1

Phenylephrine and clonidine belong to which class of adrenergic agents?

Answer 1

Alpha receptor agonists

Question 2

Phenylephrine is selective for which receptor?

Answer 2

Alpha 1

Question 3

Clonidine is selective for which receptor?

Answer 3

Alpha 2

Question 4

What is the primary therapeutic use of phenylephrine?

Answer 4

Nasal decongestant

Question 5

What is the primary therapeutic use of clonidine?

Answer 5

Systemic hypertension

Question 6

Phentolamine and prazosin belong to which category of adrenergic agents?

Answer 6

Alpha receptor antagonists

Question 7

Which alpha receptor antagonist is selective for alpha 1?

Answer 7

Prazosin

Question 8

Which alpha receptor antagonist is non-selective for alpha 1 and alpha 2 receptors?

Answer 8

Phentolamine

Question 9

What is the primary therapeutic use of prazosin?

Answer 9

Urinary retention/hesitancy and frequent urination secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (reduces resistance of trigone muscle of the bladder to urine outflow)

Question 10

Isoproterenol and albuterol belong to which class of adrenergic drugs?

Answer 10

Beta receptor agonists

Question 11

Which beta receptor agonist prototype is non-selective to beta 1 and beta 2 receptors?

Answer 11

Isoproterenol

Question 12

Which beta receptor agonist prototype has some selectivity for beta 2 receptors?

Answer 12

Albuterol

Question 13

What is the primary therapeutic use of beta receptor agonists?

Answer 13

Treatment of bronchoconstriction in patients with asthma or COPD

Question 14

What noticeable side effect is more prominent with the use of isoproterenol as compared to albuterol in asthma therapy?

Answer 14

Tachycardia (isoproterenol also acts on beta 1 receptors in cardiac muscle)

Question 15

What is the mechanism by which beta receptor agonists mitigate an asthma attack?

Answer 15

Beta 2 receptor activation leads to relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle, decreasing airway resistance

Question 16

What are the common side effects of beta receptor agonists?

Answer 16

Cardiovascular effects, tremor, hypokalemia

Question 17

Propranolol and atenolol belong to which category of adrenergic drugs?

Answer 17

Beta receptor antagonists

Question 18

Which beta receptor antagonist prototype is non-selective for beta 1 and beta 2 receptors?

Answer 18

Propranolol

Question 19

Which beta receptor antagonist prototype is selective for beta 1 receptors?

Answer 19

Atenolol

Question 20

What is the primary therapeutic use for beta receptor antagonists?

Answer 20

Hypertension

Question 21

What are the common side effects of non-selective beta receptor antagonists?

Answer 21

Beta 2 blockade in bronchial smooth muscle, delayed recovery from insulin-induced hypoglycemia in diabetic patients.

Question 22

Amphetamine, cocaine, tyramine, and ephedrine belong to which class of adrenergic drugs?

Answer 22

Indirect-acting sympathomimetics

Question 23

What is the adrenergic mechanism of action of amphetamine?

Answer 23

Displaces norepinepherine from vesicles and increases release into the synapse through transporters

Question 24

What are the therapeutic uses of amphetamine?

Answer 24

Appetite suppression, narcolepsy, ADHD

Question 25

What is the adrenergic mechanism of action of cocaine?

Answer 25

Blocks monamine transmitter reuptake, increasing synaptic concentrations of norepinepherine

Question 26

What are the therapeutic uses of cocaine?

Answer 26

Ear, nose, and throat surgical procedures, limiting bleeding (intense vasoconstrictor effect), topical application

Question 27

What are the common side effects of cocaine?

Answer 27

Seizures, hypertensive crisis, cerebral hemorrhage, cardiac arrhythmias, myocardial ischemia

Question 28

What is the adrenergic mechanism of tyramine?

Answer 28

Causes release of catecholamines from vesicles, leading to increased synaptic concentrations of norepinepherine

Question 29

What is the primary contraindication for tyramine use?

Answer 29

Concurrent MAO inhibitor use

Question 30

What foods have high concentrations of tyramine?

Answer 30

Fermented food, some cheeses, pickled or marinated meats

Question 31

What is the adrenergic mechanism of ephedrine?

Answer 31

Mixed action: causes catecholamine release from vesicles and directly activates adrenergic receptors

Question 32

What are the therapeutic uses of ephedrine?

Answer 32

Asthma, decongestant (pseudoephedrine)