Finger Conditions Flashcards
Flexor Digitorum Profundus Avulsion
What is the most common digit affected?
The ring finger
Flexor Digitorum Profundus Avulsion
What is the MOI?
hyperextension stress to a flexed finger
Ex. when an athletes grab an opponents jersey
Flexor Digitorum Profundus Avulsion
What is the subjective findings?
Hx of trauma in the digit
Flexor Digitorum Profundus Avulsion
What are the objective findings?
- Testing of the isolated DIP joint flexion in all digits
- won’t be able to flex DIP
- assessment of the FDP for DIP and PIP
- tenderness in flexor tendon sheath or palm
Flexor Digitorum Profundus Avulsion
What is the common interventions?
primarily surgical
Flexor Digitorum Profundus Avulsion
What is the overall prognosis?
- Depends on the acutenes of the dx
- rapidity of surgical intervention
- level of tendon retraction
Trigger Finger
What is the MOI?
Inflammation of fingers –> thick and narrow as they cross the MCP head in the palm = painful snapping
May be idiopathic
Trigger Finger
What is the most comon structures affected?
2 flxor tendons of the finger
- thumb
- long and ring finger
Trigger Finger
What population is commonly affected?
Often middle aged women
Trigger Finger
What are the subjective findings?
C/o of painful finger or catching of the finger when gripping or pinching
Trigger Finger
What are the objective findings?
- local tenderness at the base of the finger (over the tendon)
- can have crepitus or moving nodular mass
- pain by stretching into extension or resisted isometric flexion
- clicking or locking w/ active flexion
- full flexion probs limited
Trigger Finger
What is the confirming/special tests to dx?
none indicated while radiographs not needed
Trigger Finger
What are the goals of interventions?
- Reduce swelling and inflammation flexor tendon sheath
- promote smooth movement of the tendon
Trigger Finger
What are most common treatment of choice?
Corticosteroid injections into the sheath
Trigger Finger
What is the prognosis?
- improving right away is rare
- reccuring problems need to look at their work and hobbies
- surgical release is reserved for recalcitrant cases
Mallet Finger
The deformity of the finger is caused by?
When DIP joint is damaged
Mallet Finger
What is the objective findings?
When DIP is unable to extend
Mallet Finger
What is the MOI?
when something strikes the tip of the finger or thumb
- force then damages the tendon
Mallet Finger
What is surgical treatment?
- with mallet splint for 6-8 weeks
- extension block K-wire for 4 weeks
- splint allows tendon to return to normal
- surgery used to reattach the tendon
Mallet Finger
What occurs if the finger is bent during recovery?
Healing process must start all over again
Mallet Finger
What is the overall prognosis?
Will be able to recovery completely with surgery and splint
Boutonniere Deformity
What structures are affected?
Injury to the tendons that straighten the PIP of the finger
Boutonniere Deformity
What is the objective exam?
PIP of the injured will not straighten while the DIP bends back
Boutonniere Deformity
What happens if the injury is not treated promptly?
the deformity can progress –> permanent deformity and impaired function
Boutonniere Deformity
What is the MOI?
- Forceful blow to the dorsal side of the flexed middle joint of a finger
- can be from a cut on the top of the finger which will cut the tendon from its attachment to the bone
- can also be arthritis
Boutonniere Deformity
What are the sx?
Finger @ PIP can’t be straightened and the DIP can’t bend
swelling and pain happens that goes to the top of the middle joint of the finger
Boutonniere Deformity
How is the splint applied?
Applied to the finger at the middle joint to help make it straight
keeps the ends of the tendon from separating as it heals
also allows the end joint of the finger to bend
Boutonniere Deformity
What is the recommended length of time to wear the splint?
young patients - 6 weeks
elderly - 3 weeks
Can wear splint at night after immobilization
Swan Neck Deformity
What the subjective findings?
The PIP of a finger is extended more than normal
DIP is flexed
Swan Neck Deformity
What are the causes?
Weakness or tearing of the ligament and tendon
Swan Neck Deformity
What is the possible treatments?
Splint/brace
Surgery
Joint replacement
