Ankle and Foot Overview

Question 1

How many bones are in the ankle/foot?

Answer 1

There are 28 bones with 2 sesamoid bones

Question 2

How many articulations are in the ankle/foot?

Answer 2

55 articulations with 30 synovial joints

All interconnected by ligaments and muscles

Question 3

What does the foot and ankle serve to convert biomechanically?

Answer 3

convert rotational movt during WB -> movt of diff planes

In the sagittal, frontal and transverse movements

Question 4

Since the ankle sustains the largest amount of load of force, what are the percentages of load they take?

Answer 4

• walking = 120% of peak vertical forces
• running = 275%

Question 5

Where is most of the weight bearing being distributed in the ankle/foot?

Answer 5

• around 60% @ rearfoot during walking
• 28% @ MT heads

Question 6

What is found in the rearfoot/hindfoot subdivision?

Bones and joints

Answer 6

Bones: tibia, fibula, talus and calcaneus
Joints: tibiofibular, talocrural and subtalar (talus and calcaneus)

Talus and calcanus serve as the rearfoot

Question 7

What is found in the midfoot subdivision?

Answer 7

Navicular
Cuboid
3 of the cueneiforms

Question 8

What is found in the forefoot subdivision?

Answer 8

14 bones of the toes
5 metatarsals