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RRCCPA Human Anatomy Lecture > Fine Points in Anatomy of the Brain > Flashcards

Fine Points in Anatomy of the Brain Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Basal Ganglia functionally associated with?

A 
Control of voluntary movements
Procedural and habit learning
Cognition
Eye Movements
Emotion
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2
Q

The Basal Ganglia are composed of what structures?

A

Striatum/Corpus Striatum = Composed of Caudate Nucleus* + Lentiform Nucleus
Lentiform Nucleus = (Putamen** and Globus Pallidus)
Substantia nigra
Subthalamic nucleus
Amygdala (almond) - controversial

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3
Q

The Caudate Nucleus is a ___ and ___ structure?

A

Curved and Complex

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4
Q

The Putamen (nut shell) is located ___ to the Thalamus (cushion)?

A

Lateral

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5
Q

What connects to the Caudate Nucleus?

A

The Putamen

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6
Q

The head of the Caudate Nucleus is just ____ to the anterior horn of the Lateral Ventricle

A

Anterior

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7
Q

The tail of the Caudate Nucleus follows the Lateral Ventricle posteriorly, then down, around, and anteriorly to where?

A

To the Temporal horn of the Lateral Ventricle - ends in the Amygdala (memory and emotions)

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8
Q

Adjacent to the Amygdala is what structure?

A

Hippocampus (memory and emotion)

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9
Q

The Globus pallidus (pale globe) and Putamen are know as what?

A

Lentiform Nucleus (lens shaped)

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10
Q

What arteries supply the blood to the Basal Ganglia and Internal Capsule?

A

Lenticulostriate arteries (branches of the Middle Cerebral artery)

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11
Q

What are basal ganglia (nuclei)?

A

Masses of grey matter located deep to the cortex in each cerebral hemisphere

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12
Q

The Corpus striatum is involved with what function?

A

Regulation of movement

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13
Q

What structure/body of the Basal Ganglia is concerned with emotional behavior?

A

Amygdaloind body

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14
Q

What is the function of the Claustrum?

A

Uncertain/unknown function

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15
Q

The Internal Capsule separates the ____ and ____ from the ____ ____ ?

A

Separates the Caudate Nucleus and Thalamus from the Lentiform Nucleus (Globus pallidus and Putamen)

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16
Q

The posterior limb of the Internal Capsule contains what motor tract?

A

Corticospinal Motor Tract

17
Q

The bend in the Internal Capsule is called what?

A

Genu (knee)

18
Q

What does the bend in the Internal Capsule contain?

A

Corticobulbar (from the Cortex to the Bulb = the Brain Stem)

19
Q

True/False: Sensory nerve fibers are found in both the anterior and posterior limbs of the Internal Capsule

A

True

20
Q

The Cerebellum is commonly called the?

A

Little Brain

21
Q

What are the functions of the Cerebellum?

A 
Organizes
Coordinates
Modulates movement
Inputs - Integration 
Outputs - create smoothly functioning movements
22
Q

What does the Vestibulocerebellum (Flocculonodular Lobe) regulate? (and along with what features?)

A

Along with inputs from the eyes/vision and semicircular canals (Vestibular apparatus), the cerebellum regulates balance and eye movements

23
Q

The Spinocerebellum: Along with what three structures, and vision, help regulate body and limb movements?

A

Along with the:

  1. Spinocerebellar tracts,
  2. Dorsal Columns/Medial lemniscus tracts
  3. Trigeminal Nerve
24
Q

The Spinocerebellum:

What does the cerebellum regulation of body and limb movements specifically include?

A

Includes muscle tone, coordination of skilled voluntary movement, and position and status of the muscles and joints

25
Q

The Cerebrocerebellum: Along with the cerebral cortex and sensory information, the cerebellum regulates what activity?

A

The planning and modulation of voluntary motor activity

26
Q

What structure connect the Cerebellum with the Brain Stem?

A

Cerebellar Peduncles (the little feet)

27
Q

The Cerebellar Hemispheres are comprised of what three areas?

A
  1. Spinocerebellum (superiorly)
  2. Cerebrocerebellum (posteriorly)
  3. Vestibulocerebellum (anteriorly)
28
Q

What is the function of the Spinocerebellum?

A

Control of muscles tone and coordination

29
Q

What is the function of the Cerebrocerebellum?

A

Motor planning, learning, and memory

30
Q

What is the function of the Vestibulocerebellum?

A

Balance, postural adjustments, coordination of eye movements

31
Q

What structure is located between the Cerebellar hemispheres and is part of the Spinocerebellum?

A

Vermis (worm like)

32
Q

What is the Vermis functionally associated with?

A

posture and locomotion

RRCCPA Human Anatomy Lecture (20 decks)

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