Brain stuff- exam I Flashcards
Which lobe of the brain controls executive functions, attention, personality, and problem solving?
Frontal lobe
Which lobe of the brain is the primary visual area?
Occipital lobe
As humans develop, which grows more- neurons or the connections between them?
the connections between them
What types of connections help build long term memory for learning?
neuron connections
The _______ sulcus divides the frontal and parietal lobes.
Central (AKA Rolandic Fissure)
The somatosensory cortex is part of the ________ lobe of the brain.
Parietal
The _______ lobe processes sensory information such as temperature, pressure and touch
Parietal
think of it as a piranha and the piranha is biting the parietal lobe which is extremely SENSITIVE
The _______ lobe processes sensory information such as temperature, pressure and touch and also helps with math functions.
Parietal
think of it as a piranha and the piranha is biting the parietal lobe which is extremely SENSITIVE
The _______lobe processes things we hear and stores short and long term memory.
Temporal
The _______lobe contains part of the limbic system, which stores short and long term memory, influences emotion and learning.
Temporal
The _________ System is responsible for the creation and modulation of emotion, memory, feeding, breeding, and homeostatic regulation.
Limbic
What would occur if a patient had damage to their hippocampus?
Would not be able to convert short term memory to long term memory
If a patient had Broca’s Aphasia, they would be able to _____________, but would not be able to ____________.
would be able to understand what your asking/saying (comprehension intact), but would not be able to say what they are thinking (expressive language is not intact)
If a patient had Wernicke’s Aphasia they would not be able to __________ and their speech would be _____________.
Pt would not be able to understand what you are asking (comprehension not intact), and their speech would be fast and incoherent
How does Wernicke’s Encephalopathy differ from Wernicke’s Aphasia?
Wernicke’s encephalopathy is due to a thiamine deficiency (usually seen in alcoholics), which causes ocular motor weakness, ataxia, and confusion.
Wernicke’s Aphasia or Syndrome occurs when a pt has damage to the Wernicke’s area of the brain, causing them to lack comprehension of language.
How does Wernicke’s Encephalopathy differ from Wernicke’s Aphasia? What causes the Encephalopathy?
Wernicke’s encephalopathy is due to a thiamine deficiency (usually seen in alcoholics), which causes ocular motor weakness, ataxia, and confusion.
Which structures of the brain comprise the Basal Ganglia?
Lentiform Nucleus(=Putamen and Globus Pallidus)
Caudate Nucleus
Subthalamic Nuclei
Substantia Nigra
Which structure of the brain is responsible for: nuclei process and relay, primarily sensory information from the body to the cortex. It also regulates sleep, awareness, consciousness and arousal, and has a motor role.
THALAMUS
This structure of the brain is concerned with control of temperature and blood pressure, sleep, water metabolism, secretion of hormones, hunger, emotional reactions, and maintains balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
Hypothalamus
Damage to this structure of the brain would create gait, balance and motor coordination dysfunction.
Cerebellum
About 90% of people are _______(right or left) hand dominant, and 90-95% of these people have ______ (right/left) hemispheric dominance.
RIGHT handed
LEFT hemispheric
The following structures make up the _______ System: Hippocampus, Hypothalamus, Thalamus and Cingulate Gyrus, olfactory system, Amygdala and Pituitary Gland.
Limbic System
The Basal Ganglia is important because it is responsible for initiation, control and modulation of the ___________ ______________ Function.
Skeletal motor
it also aids in learning, emotion and cognition
The ________ __________ System determines our state of arousal and alertness
Reticular Activating System
The Reticular System is in the _____ ______ but has connections to the cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus and spinal cord.
Brain stem
The ________ (structure of the brain) is the relay center for many sensory and motor pathways to the Reticular Activating System and cerebral cortex influencing mental alertness and sleep.
Thalamus
Pertaining to the motor cortex; The ____________ System CONTROLS movement, while the ______________ System COORDINATES movement.
Pyramidal- controls
Extrapyramidal- coordinates
The ________ _________ (structure of the brain) transmits motor and sensory fibers from cortex to brain stem and spinal cord.
Internal Capsule
True or False? Corticospinal Pathways go through the Internal Capsule.
TRUE
Parkinson’s disease, Tardives Dyskinesia, Huntington’s Chorea, and Sydenham’s chorea are all diseases that affect which System of the brain/motor cortex?
Extrapyramidal