FINALS - SYPHILIS Flashcards
agent for syphilis
treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum
syphilis is also known as
great for
evil fox
Spanish disease
great imitator - bacteria
why is it termed as spanish disease?
Christopher Columbus brought into the New world syphilis
old world - small fox
a great imitator in parasitology
trichinella spiralis
MOT of syphilis
SEX
transpacental
congenital
parental
blood transfusion
syphilis is least to be transmitted via
blood transfusio
why is it blood transfusion is the least MOT
can’t tolerate cold temperature - if treponema stays in blood bag for more than 72hrs - it will die
agents found in blood
HIV, hepa B and C, and malaria
stages of syphilis
primary
secondary
latent
tertiary
Infection is localized
primary stage
days of infection for primary syphilis
1-6 weeks after infection
a lesion starting to occur in primary syphilis
hard chancre
greenish lesions that are isolated only in the part you used for sexual contact
hard chancre
is primary stage infectious?
yes, very infectious
lab test for primary syphilis
dark field microscopy only
(no antibodies yet)
soft chancre is for
Haemophilus ducreyi
characterized by lymphadenopathy or enlargement of lymph nodes, malaise, fever, pharyngitis, and rash or mucous membranes
secondary syphilis
duration of secondary syphilis
1-2 months
in secondary syphilis, appearance of rash like lesions called
Condylomata lata
lab test for secondary syphilis
antibodies and dark field microscopy
a stage which is non infectious
latent syphilis
asymptomatic stage
latent syphilis stage
when do latent stage starts?
after 2nd year of infection
last test for latent syphilis
serologic test only
clinical time for tertiary syphilis
10-30 yrs
3 major manifestation of tertiary syphils
gummatous syphilis
cardiovascular syphilis
neurosyphilis (csf)
congenital syphilis
in congenital syphilis, it is characterized by :
hutchinson triad
what is under the hutchinson triad
hutchinson’s teeth - notched teeth
interstitial keratitis
nerve deafness
serologic test
non treponemal test
treponemal test
non treponemal test examples
wassermann test
venereal disease research laboratory
wasserman test is made by
august paul von wasserman (1906)
antigen source used for wasserman test
crude liver extract from a fetus with syphilis
principle of wasserman test
complement fixation
do vdrl and rpr use complement proteins?
nope, so they need inactivated serum
how to inactivate serum in vdrl
heating
purpose of inactivating serum
to remove complement
in vdrl - inactivating serum
temp and time
56* C for 30 mns
stand to room temp
another 10 mns - 56*C again
principle of VDRL -
flocculation
reagent of vdrl is made up of
cardiolipin
lecithin
cholesterol
the component of vdrl that detects reagin
cardiolipin
the anti body for syphilis
reagin
VDRL rotator time and speed for serum
speed
time
speed 180 rpm
time 4 mns
VDRL rotator time and speed for csf
speed
time
speed 180 rpm
time 8 mns
diameter to be considered positive in serum
14 mm
diameter to be considered positive in csf
16 mm
depth
1.75 mm
antigen diluting needle for vdrl
hamilton syringe
qualitative svdrl gauge
18 gauge; 60 drops/ml
quantitative svdrl gauge
19 gauge - 75 drops/ml
csf vdrl gauge
21 and 22 gauge - 100 drops/ml
reporting for vdrl
non reactive
no clumps
reporting for vdrl
weakly reactive
small clump
reporting for vdrl
reactive
medium to large clumps
false positive in vdrl
SLR, RA, IM, MALARIA,
uses unheated serum
RPR - rapid plasma reagi
principle of RPR
flocculation
reagent or RPR
cardiolipin
lecithin
anti complement protein
charcoal
choline chloride
thimerosal
component of the reagent of rpr that is for neutralizing
lecithin
component of the reagent of rpr that is for inactivating serum chemically
choline chloride
component of the reagent of rpr that is for visual
charcoal
component of the reagent of rpr that is for preservative
thimerosal
time and speed of rotator of rpr
speed 100 rpm
time 8 mns
hamilton syringe of rpr
20 gauge needle - 60 drops per ml
ring diameter for rpr
18 mm
