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NURSING LEADERSHIP > FINALS : Continuous Quality Improvement and Risk Management > Flashcards

FINALS : Continuous Quality Improvement and Risk Management Flashcards

Para sa long quiz kag clout chaser nga final exam

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1
Q

A specific type of controlling refers to activities that are used to evaluate, monitor, or regulate services rendered to consumers

A

Quality control

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2
Q

The degree to which health services for individuals and populations increase the likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge

A

Quality health care

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3
Q

The criterion or standard is determined. Information is collected to determine if the standard has been met. Educational or corrective is taken if criterion has not been met.

A

Quality control process

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4
Q

Predetermined level of excellence that serves as a guide for practice

A

Standard

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5
Q

Means of determining the quality of nursing that a patient receives

A

Standard of practice

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6
Q

Diagnosis-based, step-by-step interventions for providers to follow

A

Standardized Clinical Guidelines

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7
Q

A systematic and official examination of a record, process, structure, environment or account

A

Audit

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8
Q

Audit performed after the patient receives service

A

Retrospective audit

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9
Q

Audit performed while the patient is receiving service

A

Concurrent audit

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10
Q

Most effective audit

A

Concurrent audit

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11
Q

Audit utilized for future direction

A

Prospective audit

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12
Q

Assumption that a relationship exist between quality care and appropriate structure

A

Structure audit

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13
Q

Total Quality Management other name

A

Continuous Quality Improvement

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14
Q

Quality assurance goal

A

Quality nursing care with a difference

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15
Q

Standards or criteria :
- 7 M’s of Management (Money, Manpower, Machine, Materials, Methods, Moment (time) and Manager)
- Quality service
- Environment
- Resources
- Mechanisms and Strategies
- Qualification Standards are met when hiring personnel and managers

A

Structure

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16
Q

Standards or criteria :
- Nursing Process
- Clinical guidelines and protocol
- Standard Operating Procedure
- Steps or Process flow
- Identify the patient prior to giving of medication
- Shorten the admission process

A

Process

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17
Q

Standard or criteria :
- Performance appraisal
- Performance evaluation (staff of personnel)
- Self-evaluation or personnel evaluation
- Customer satisfaction
- Percentage of accomplishments
- Patient reported 80% satisfaction

A

Outcome

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18
Q

Customer satisfaction

A

OUTCOME

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19
Q

TQM : Continuous process improvement

A

Kaizen

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20
Q

TQM : Things will work as they are supposed to

A

Atarimae Hinshitsu

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21
Q

TQM : Examine how user applies the product

A

Kansei

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22
Q

TQM : Things should have aesthetic quality

A

Miryokuteki

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23
Q

Systematic process to improve outcome based on customer needs

A

Quality improvement

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24
Q

Continuous and long-term improvement in processes and output

A

PROCESS

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25
Q

Steps to ensure full involvement of entire work force

A

STRUCTURE

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26
Q

Quality assurance vs quality improvement

“doing it right”

A

Quality assurance

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27
Q

Quality assurance vs quality improvement

“doing the right thing”

A

Quality improvement

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28
Q

Quality assurance vs quality improvement

ASSESS/ MEASURE PERFORMANCE

A

Quality assurance

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29
Q

Quality assurance vs quality improvement

Whether performance meet standard

A

Quality assurance

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30
Q

Quality assurance vs quality improvement

Improve if not meeting the standard

A

Quality assurance

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31
Q

Quality assurance vs quality improvement

Efficiency

A

Quality assurance

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32
Q

Quality assurance vs quality improvement

Reactive Process

A

Quality assurance

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33
Q

Quality assurance vs quality improvement

Meet customer’s needs

A

quality improvement

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34
Q

Quality assurance vs quality improvement

Build /Assess work process

A

quality improvement

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35
Q

Quality assurance vs quality improvement

Identify opportunities for improved performance

A

quality improvement

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35
Q

Quality assurance vs quality improvement

Scientific approach to assessment and problem solving

A

quality improvement

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36
Q

Quality assurance vs quality improvement

CONTINUOUS improvement - ongoing management strategy

A

quality improvement

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37
Q

Quality assurance vs quality improvement

Interprets process and outcome

A

quality improvement

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38
Q

Quality assurance vs quality improvement

Effectiveness

A

quality improvement

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39
Q

Quality assurance vs quality improvement

Proactive

A

quality improvement

40
Q

6 strategies for quality improvement

A

PDCA (plan, do, check, act) cycle or (plan, do, study, act)
FOCUS methodology
Benchmarking
Regulatory requirements
Sentinel Events monitoring
Balanced scorecard concept

41
Q

PDCA begins with 3 questions:

A

WHAT – trying to accomplish
HOW – change is an improvement
WHAT – changes will result in improvement

42
Q

PDCA cycle : Develop a change, test, activity aimed for improvement

A

Plan

43
Q

PDCA cycle : Carry change, test out – small scale

A

Do

44
Q

PDCA cycle : Study results to evaluate what was learned and what can be predicted

A

Check

45
Q

PDCA cycle : Adopt the change, send through cycle again, under different conditions, abandon the idea

A

Act

46
Q

FOCUS :

  • improvement area
  • Key: “WHAT IS THE PROBLEM?”
  • Opportunity for improvement, obtain support data of existence
A

Focus

47
Q

FOCUS :

  • team that knows the process
  • staff – directly participate in the process
  • Team leader
A

Organize

48
Q

FOCUS :

  • happenings in current process
  • Use FLOW DIAGRAM – illustrates process
A

Clarify

49
Q

Analyze level of process:

Identify too many steps in a process, not well defined, long waits between process

A

Macro

50
Q

Analyze level of process:

Examining decision points, redundancy of processes, waiting time areas, rework loops and handoffs

A

Micro

51
Q

FOCUS :

  • degree of change needed
  • team review data gathered, literature on the topic, competitive benchmarks
  • How organizations doing this process?
A

Understand

52
Q

FOCUS :

  • ___the problem
  • select solution for improvement – involve staff
  • Implementation plan – check progress of solution
  • Identify activity to complete, who is responsible, when it will be done
A

Solve

53
Q

Measuring and comparing results

A

Benchmarking

54
Q

Key work process vs. “best performers”

A

Benchmarking

55
Q

Identify gaps in performance and options for improvement

A

Benchmarking

56
Q

JCAHO meaning

A

Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations

57
Q

JCAHO new name

A

JCI or Joint Commission International

58
Q

Preparing for accreditation survey – used to begin improvement strategies

A

Regulatory Requirements JCI

59
Q

Unexpected occurrence causing death or serious physical or psychological injury

A

Adverse SENTINEL EVENT

60
Q

____ provides opportunities for improvement

A

analysis

61
Q

Type of sentinel event which identifies strategies for future events

A

Linking sentinel event review

62
Q

KEY of sentinel event monitoring

A

Sharing information to all

63
Q
  • Progress measurement – balance between: MEDICAL, PATIENT SATISFACTION, COST OUTCOMES
  • Change in an area must be evaluated – how it affects balance of another
A

Balanced scorecard concept

64
Q

4 key areas evaluated in balanced scorecard concept

A
  1. Functional status of patient
  2. Clinical status of patient
  3. Patient satisfaction
  4. Cost of care
65
Q

4 Problem Identification Tools

A
  1. Affinity Diagram
  2. Brainstorming
  3. Flowchart
  4. Nominal Group Technique
66
Q

Who made the affinity diagram

A

Jiro Kawakita (1960), JK METHOD

67
Q

Problem Identification Tools :

  • tool used to organize ideas and data
  • one of the 7 Management and Planning Tools
  • commonly used within project management allows large numbers of ideas to be sorted into groups for review and analysis
A

Affinity diagram

67
Q

Problem Identification Tools :

  • tool used to organize ideas and data
  • one of the 7 Management and Planning Tools
  • commonly used within project management allows large numbers of ideas to be sorted into groups for review and analysis
A

Affinity diagram

68
Q

Problem Identification Tools :

  • Group creativity technique
  • designed to generate a large number of ideas for the solution of a problem
  • proposed that groups could double their creative output with brainstorming
A

Brainstorming

69
Q

Brainstorming was first popularized in the late 1930s by ____ in a book called ____

A

Alex Faickney
Applied Imagination

70
Q

Brainstorming Rule :

  • This rule is a means of enhancing divergent production, aiming to facilitate problem solving through the maxim, quantity breeds quality.
  • The assumption is that the greater the number of ideas generated, the greater the chance of producing a radical and effective solution.
A

Focus on quantity

70
Q

These are intended to reduce social inhibitions among groups members, stimulate idea generation, and increase overall creativity of the group.

A

4 Basic rules in brainstorming

71
Q

Brainstorming Rule :

  • In brainstorming, criticism of ideas generated should be put ‘on hold’. Instead, participants should focus on extending or adding to ideas, reserving criticism for a later ‘critical stage’ of the process. By suspending judgment, participants will feel free to generate unusual ideas
A

Withhold criticisms

72
Q

Brainstorming Rule :

  • To get a good and long list of ideas, unusual ideas are welcomed. They can be generated by looking from new perspectives and suspending assumptions. These new ways of thinking may provide better solutions.
A

Welcome unusual ideas

73
Q

Brainstorming Rule :

  • Good ideas may be combined to form a single better good idea, as suggested by the slogan “1+1=3”. It is believed to stimulate the building of ideas by a process of association.
A

Combine and improve ideas

74
Q

Problem Identification Tools :

  • common type of chart - represents algorithm or process
  • shows steps as boxes of various kinds, and their order by connecting these with arrows
  • used in analyzing, designing, documenting or managing a process or program in various fields
A

Flowchart

75
Q

The “flow process chart” introduced by ____

A

Frank Gilbreth

76
Q

Types of flowcharts : Shows document flow through system

A

Document flowcharts

76
Q

Types of flowcharts : Data flows in a system

A

Data flowcharts

77
Q

Types of flowcharts : controls at a physical or resource level

A

System flowcharts

78
Q

Types of flowcharts: Controls in a program within a system

A

Program flowchart

79
Q

Problem Identification Tools :

  • type of brainstorming - all participants have an equal say in the process
  • used to generate a ranked list of ideas
  • Participants are asked to write their ideas anonymously
A

Nominal Group Technique

80
Q

Nominal Group Technique : Participants ideas written anonymously, moderator collects and each is voted on by show of hands

A

Distillation

81
Q

Nominal Group Technique :

After distillation, the ____ ideas may be sent back to the group or to subgroups for further ____.

A
  • top ranked
  • brainstorming
82
Q

6 Problem Description Tools

A

Bar Graph
Check Sheet
Force Field Analysis
Line Graph
Pareto Graph
Pie Chart

83
Q

Problem Description Tools :

  • rectangular bars with lengths proportionate values that they represent
  • used for comparing two or more values taken over time or on different conditions, usually on small data sets
A

Bar graph

84
Q

Problem Description Tools :

  • simple document – used for collecting data in realtime and location where data is generated
  • typically a blank form - quick, easy, and efficient recording of the desired information - quantitative or qualitative
A

Check sheet

85
Q

Quantitative check sheet is called ____

A

Tally sheet

86
Q

Basic types of Check Sheets :

  • A trait such as a defect or failure mode must be classified into a category.
A

Classification

87
Q

Basic types of Check Sheets :

  • The physical location of a trait is indicated on a picture of a part or item being evaluated.
A

Location

88
Q

Basic types of Check Sheets :

  • The presence or absence of a trait or combination of traits is indicated. Also number of occurrences of a trait on a part can be indicated
A

Frequency

89
Q

Basic types of Check Sheets :

  • A measurement scale is divided into intervals, and measurements are indicated by checking an appropriate interval.
A

Measurement scale

90
Q

Basic types of Check Sheets :

  • The items to be performed for a task are listed so that, as each is accomplished, it can be indicated as having been completed.
A

Check list

91
Q

Problem Description Tools :

  • framework for looking at factors (forces) that influence a situation systematically
A

Forcefield analysis

92
Q

Force Field Analysis :

  • driving movement toward a goal
A

Helping forces

93
Q

Force Field Analysis :

  • blocking movement toward a goal
A

Hindering forces

94
Q

Force Field Analysis was developed by ____

A

Kurt Lewin

95
Q

Problem Description Tools :

  • special type of bar chart -values being plotted are arranged in descending order
  • accompanied by a line graph - shows the cumulative totals of each category, left to right.
A

Pareto graph

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