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Anthropology 110 > Finals > Flashcards

Finals Flashcards

1
Q

Assassination

A

killing someone for a political purpose

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2
Q

“Coming Out Party”

A

chance for country to prove themselves on the world stage

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3
Q

absolute poverty

A

poverty in which basic needs are not met

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4
Q

achieved status

A

achievements via merit

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5
Q

animism

A

belief in the existence of souls

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6
Q

anti-fascism

A

fighting fascism

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7
Q

art

A

forms of expression

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8
Q

artisans

A

people who make art professionally

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9
Q

ascribed status

A

status, wealth, prestige, and/or power ascribed from birth

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10
Q

asylum seeker

A

person seeking refuge from persecution or harm from their country. Goes to another country and uses national and/or international instruments to ensure safety.

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11
Q

asymmetrical warfare

A

War in which guerrilla tactics are used by one side

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12
Q

authoritarian government

A

government which rules all aspects of their citizen’s lives

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13
Q

bands

A

loosely organized territorial units

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14
Q

Ruth Benedict

A

Lesbian

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15
Q

Franz Boas

A

Father of Modern Anthropology Columbia

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16
Q

Burgeoise

A

The capitalist class which owns the means of production; the upper-class wealthy

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17
Q

Branding

A

creating a personal product of oneself

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18
Q

Buddhism

A

followers of Buddha, desire = suffering

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19
Q

cargo cults

A

form of imitative magic originating from Melanesia in which magic is used in order ascertain material wealth

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20
Q

caste

A

ascribed classification in the social order

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21
Q

channeled aggression

A

mock forms of fighting and combat; sports, witches and etc. are all forms of harmlessly channeling aggression.

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22
Q

clans

A

group organized by kinship

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23
Q

classes

A

social strata

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24
Q

clines

A

a gradiant that extends infinitely from one extreme to another

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25
Q

collective memory

A

how one community remembers a historical narrative

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26
Q

communities of memory

A

Communities that are tied together by a shared historical narrative

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27
Q

confederacies

A

when tribes band together to face a common threat.

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28
Q

contagious magic

A

magic in which positive and negative qualities are spread by proximity

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29
Q

cult of personality

A

authoritarian systems that are bonded together by one person. The perception of this person is often curated;

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30
Q

cultural minority

A

indigenous population that has become a minority in their own native lands

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31
Q

daoism

A

followers of Tao or Dao which emphasizes balance. Light and Dark, Yin and Yang.

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32
Q

democratic government

A

government in which the people have influence over government processes

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33
Q

diviners

A

people who predict the future via contacting the spirit realm

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34
Q

ecotourism

A

visiting another country’s natural preserves

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35
Q

elites

A

people who occupy the highest statuses in society.

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36
Q

egalitarian societies

A

societies in which everyone is equal

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37
Q

emotionalist art

A

art that expresses emotions and feelings

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38
Q

empires

A

nation states that expand its power through conquest via war, strong-arming negotiation, and/or economic control

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39
Q

ethnic art

A

art made by indigenous people and/or/is specific to an ethnicity or tradition

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40
Q

ethnicity

A

cultural/genetic heritage

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41
Q

ethnomusicology

A

study of music and sound in culture

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42
Q

ethnotourism

A

visiting another country to meet and observe native people

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43
Q

EE Evans Pritchard

A

causality and magic

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44
Q

Fascism

A

when

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45
Q

formal sanctions

A

punishments and rewards doled out by an authority figure

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46
Q

formalist art

A

artists passing down formal instructions

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47
Q

fundamentalist art

A

art that is realistic and dimensionally and texturally accurate

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48
Q

folktales

A

folk stories that have been passed down through oral tradition explaining certain things abut culture

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49
Q

clifford geertz

A

no fucking clue, I’m sure he was important though

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50
Q

clifford geertz

A

no fucking clue, I’m sure he was important though

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51
Q

genocide

A

systematic killing of people

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52
Q

global identities

A

identities formed from shared interests, beliefs, and etc. that transcend borders.

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53
Q

healers

A

people who heal and diagnose the spiritual causes of diseases.

54
Q

hinduism

A

Indian polytheistic religion. Gods represent features of humanity

55
Q

illiberal democracy

A

democracy in which voters elect officials who actively limit their freedoms

56
Q

imitative magic

A

magic which operates on the principle that like causes like.

57
Q

income

A

source of money

58
Q

indigenous art

A

art created by indigenous populations

59
Q

influence

A

the power to

60
Q

informal sanctions

A

reinforcing social norms via gossip, alienation, and other informal behavior.

61
Q

instrumental art

A

art that is tied to the use of an instrument or tool

62
Q

internally displaced person (IDP)

A

person who was removed from his/her home due to strife but has not left the country’s borders.

63
Q

intersectional identities

A

multiple identities form together to form component identities

64
Q

Islam

A

monotheistic religion based on the teachings of Muhammed the prophet

65
Q

Judaism

A

og Abrahamic religion with jewish stuff

66
Q

labor migrants

A

immigrants who left their country in search of work

67
Q

millenarian movement

A

revitalization movements with apocalyptic themes and introducing a radically different way of life

68
Q

mimetic art

A

art that is supposed to be representative of something else

69
Q

monarchy

A

system of government with a royal monarch who holds an absolute power

70
Q

monotheism

A

belief in one supreme deity

71
Q

nation

A

an imagined community

72
Q

nativistic movement

A

movement the seeks to restore society to a purer form and remove all foreign elements within the culture

73
Q

Bronislaw Malinowski

A

visited the Trobriand Islands and studied the Kula Ring

74
Q

Margaret Mead

A

studied the sexuality of young girls

75
Q

mediums

A

people who act as intermediaries between the spirit world and the physical through trance, rituals, or hardcore drug abuse.

76
Q

messianic movement

A

movements and ideologies spearheaded by a messiah or savior

77
Q

negative sanctions

A

punishments

78
Q

NGO

A

non-governmental organizations that promote humanitarian causes

79
Q

offerings

A

things offered to gods in order to honor and appease them

80
Q

oral literature

A

stories and tales handed passed from generation to generation orally

81
Q

politeness strategies

A

ways to avoid conflict and diffuse intense situations

82
Q

political anthropology

A

study of the distribution of power and the decision making process

83
Q

political anthropology

A

study of the distribution of power and the decision making process

84
Q

polytheism

A

the belief in multiple gods each with their respective attributes and powers

85
Q

positive sanctions

A

rewards for upholding social norms

86
Q

power

A

the degree of influence has over others

87
Q

prayers

A

communication with spirit beings

88
Q

prestige

A

the amount of respect you garner in society

89
Q

priests

A

full time religious officiator that cannot directly contact the spiritual world

90
Q

primitive art

A

art that comes from less developed countries

91
Q

primogeniture

A

the system of inheritance in which wealth is passed on to the firstborn (usually the son though)

92
Q

privileges

A

having resources and opportunities that aren’t available to everyone

93
Q

professional armies

A

standing armies which exists for the sole purpose of defense. Soldiers are professional meaning they do that as an occupation.

94
Q

prophets

A

people who claim divine inspiration in their messages

95
Q

proletariat

A

workers or the working class

96
Q

prosocial behaviors

A

behaviors that promote social cohesion and cooperation

97
Q

race

A

loose classification based on skin color

98
Q

racial homogeneity

A

population that is similar along racial lines without much diversity

99
Q

ranked societies

A

societies in which the strata are concretely ranked and rorganized

100
Q

refugees

A

people who leave their country due to life-threatening conditions

101
Q

relative poverty

A

being relatively poor compared to the rest of the population

102
Q

religious speech

A

speech that has religious connotations

103
Q

republic

A

system of government where officials are elected to represent the people

104
Q

revivalist movements

A

movement that intends to restore values and practices that have largely been abandoned

105
Q

rituals

A

demonstrations of belief that carry heavy spiritual significance

106
Q

sacred rituals

A

rituals and objects with imbued power

107
Q

sacrifices

A

offerings made to express gratitude and honor a spiritual being

108
Q

scarification

A

scarring the body to represent toughness or a sense of identity

109
Q

shamans

A

part time religious practicioner who contacts the spiritual world through ritual, trance, or prayer

110
Q

shinto

A

Japanese religion that is focused on nature, serenity, and perfection.

111
Q

slavery

A

ownership of another human

112
Q

social stratification

A

ways in which society is divided and classified

113
Q

sports

A

competitive physical competition that is performed for an audience

114
Q

state

A

governmental unit with set borders

115
Q

superstition

A

ascribing magical reasons for something

116
Q

tattooing

A

inscribing ink on the body

117
Q

terrorism

A

asymmetrical warfare meant for a political cause

118
Q

theocracies

A

system of government ran on religious leaders and pricniples

119
Q

total war

A

when the whole of society is mobilized for war

120
Q

totalitarianism

A

system fo government where all aspects of citizens lives are controlled by the government

121
Q

totems

A

symbolic representation of a spirit animal

122
Q

transnationalism

A

being connected to your current and original community religiously, politically, and economically.

123
Q

tribalization

A

exploring tribal roots and orgins

124
Q

tribes

A

group organized by kinship and with decision making system with councils and elders

125
Q

victor turner

A

no idea

126
Q

universal human rights

A

inalienable rights for EVERYONE in the world

127
Q

venus figurines

A

figurines seen everywhere around the world of a big titty bitch

128
Q

warfare

A

formal engagement of combat between two parties or states

129
Q

wealth

A

material belonging or abundance

130
Q

witchcraft

A

magical practitioners usually used as a scapegoat.

Anthropology 110 (11 decks)

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