FInal - Thyroid Flashcards
Where do you find the thyroid gland?
Under the cricoid cartilage which is under the thyroid cartilage
If a goiter is present you should check for _____
Bruit
*they are rare but suggest hyperthyroidism
Hashimoto’s, graves, endemic goiter or idiopathic can cause what type of goiter?
Diffusely enlarged without nodules
An iodine deficiency and sometimes malignancy can cause what type of goiter
Multi-modular goiter
80% of people with goiter are ______, 10% are _____ and 10% are ______
(Hyper/hypo/normal?)
80%= Normal, 10%= hypo, 10% = hyper
If TSH is high and free T4 is low the patient has
Hypothyroidism
If TSH is low and free T4 is high the patients has
Hyperthyroidism
With hypothyroidism ___% of cases are due to hashimoto’s (increased TSH, decreased T4)
How does this effect metabolism?
90%
Slowed metabolism
What are the symptoms and signs of hashimoto’s?
Cold intolerance, weight gain, fatigue, depression, constipation
Dry cool skin, coarse brittle hair & nails, decreased DTRs
slowed metabolism
How does hyperthyroidism effect metabolism? (Decreased TSH, increased T4)
Increased metabolism
_________% of hyperthyroidism is due to _______ disease
60-80% due to Graves’ disease
*additional findings may include proptosis, pretibial myxedema & diffuse, non tender, soft goiter w/ bruit
What are the symptoms and signs of hyperthyroidism?
Heat intolerance, weight loss, hyperactivity, palpitations, diarrhea
Warm moist skin (increased sweating), fine tremor, increased DTRs, lid lag
What do we NOT want to find on a thyroid exam?
Nodules and tenderness
Cyst, benign tumor or malignancy can cause what type of nodule.
It’s asymptomatic unless
Single thyroid nodule
Asymptomatic & often not palpable unless >1cm
About ____% of solitary thyroid nodules are malignant
5%
