Final Review Flashcards
T/F horses will always erupt 4 wolf teeth
FALSE
the space between incisors and premolars is known as what
bars
baby/milk teeth are referred to as what
deciduous teeth
T/F corner incisors are present at birth
FALSE
T/F permanent teeth are shorter, lighter, and have a defined neck joint connecting root and gum
FALSE
deciduous teeth are typically shed in what season
fall
T/F by the start of 4 1/2 years horse should have complete set of permanent teeth
TRUE
the extra set of pre molars are known as what
wolf teeth
the pits in the center of the teeth which gradually disappear with age are called what
cups
what develops around 10 yrs old, extends down and reaches bottom at 20 then travels back up and is gone by 30
galvaynes groove
indications of needing an oral exam
weight loss
eating with tilted head
increased whole grain in feces
partially chewed and dropped food
rasping down sharp edges of molars is known as what
floating
leading cause of tooth loss in horse
periodontal disease
T/F overbite is also known as monkey mouth
TRUE
breed with ancient roots, Arabian bloodline, chestnut with flaxen points, well suited to riding and light draft work
haflinger
how many inches in a hand
4
stock horse breeds
quarterhorse
appaloosa
paint
T/F if a horse is 15 hands tall its considered a pony
FALSE
largest demographic of horses fall into what breed category
light horse
Arabians and akhal-tekes and morgans are examples of what breed category
light horses
what does DQP stand for
designated qualified person
which demographic of horses are most heavily pronounced in the FEI category of competitive equine events
warmbloods
example of a German breed
Hanoverians
T/F a pace is a 2-beat lateral gait moving both hind and front leg simultaneously
TRUE
T/F the jockey club does not allow AI
TRUE
what gaits aside from walk, trot, and canter is shown in the saddlebred 5 gaited class
rack
slow gait
names for navicular disease
palmer heel pain
palmer foot pain
caudal heel syndrom
podotrochlear syndrom
gold standard for navicular disease diagnosis
MRIs
a hoof with gray/white matter that is soft and spongy is a condition known as what
canker
a hoof infection that escapes at the coronary band is called what
gravel
ingestion of significant amounts of non-structural carbohydrates causes inflammation that sometimes leads to what
laminitis
T/F gravel is a type of hoof abcess
TRUE
how should thrush be treated
keep dry and clean
copper sulfate solution
chlorine dioxide
T/F canker is more common northwestern US
FALSE
T/F x-rays are the best choice when investigating navicular syndrome
FALSE
T/F a horse with laminitis would have tightly interlocked laminae
FALSE
how will a complicated hoof crack be treated
acrylic repair
what can make a horse prone to thrush
moist environment
poor foot conformation
lack of routine trimming
lack of exercise
evaluation of the horse as sound within a specific event is referred to as what
form to function
the horse has how many bones on average
205
compact shaft of the bone is called what
diaphysis
the end of each bone(top and bottom) is called what
epiphysis
fibrous connective tissue covering bone is called what
periosteum
T/F periosteum protects bone and is the major site of healing
TRUE
hollow chamber filled with connective tissue(bone marrow) is called what
medullary cavity
T/F when a foal is born bone is fully mineralized and is only at cartilage stage as a fetus
FALSE
qualities of remodeling
occurs at periosteum
helps accommodate growth
response to stress on bone
bone growth in width
the croup refers to what portion of the spinal column
sacral
synovial and fibrous membrane are housed where
joint capsule
connective tissue extending from bone to bone is called what
ligaments
T/F splint bones have several crucial jobs within the horses leg
FALSE
what is the definition of unsoundness
defects in form or function that interfere with the usefulness of the horse
definition of blemish
acquired physical defect that does not interfere with the usefulness of the horse
bone growth or exostosis in pastern or coffin joint of a horse is called what
ringbone
bony enlargement on inside of front leg caused by nodular ossification of the bone
splints
common conformation issue often seen in draft horses
cow hocked
T/F horses travel the opposite of their conformation
TRUE
which front leg conformational issue would cause the most concussion over time
calf-kneed
T/F overbite is also known as monkey mouth
FALSE
5 basic coat colors
white
black
red
brown
bay
T/F buckskin will never have a dorsal stripe
TRUE
what coat color is diluted from chestnut. bright copper with white mane and tail
palomino
paint horse with white over the back/lots of white is called what
tobiano
dilution from bay coat with dorsal stripe is called what
dun
a group of animals that have certain distinguishable characteristics such as function, conformation, and color are called what
breed
group of middleweight horses-aim to select for equestrian sport horses, very pronounced FEI
warmbloods
draft horses and ponies should be classified as what category with a calm temperament
cold bloods
T/F horses survived prehistoric times in North America around 13,000 years ago
FALSE
T/F domestication of the horse first happened in the steppes region within Asia
TRUE
T/F you should call the vet for a horse with a 100.5 F fever
FALSE
T/F banamine is commonly used to treat fevers
TRUE
what is a healthy heart rate for aa adult horse at rest
28-40 bpm
how many gallons of water does a mature resting horse consume on average
10-12 gallons
T/F pink gums and capillary refill time of 1 second is considered healthy
TRUE
directional term for the top of the horse
dorsal
directional term for the nose of the horse
rostral
what can mucous color tell you about the horse
congestion
jaundice
shock
dull and sunken eyes indicate the horse has already lost how much body weight from dehydration
4-5%
what can straining during urination indicate
muscular disorder
nervous system disorder
kidney disease
bladder infection
T/F constipation leads to impaction colic
TRUE
how much will water intake increase for lactating mares
75%
yellowing of skin and eyes is known as what
Jaundice
what does CRT stand for
capillary refill time
how many breaths per minute will a mature resting horse have
8-16
a newborn foal has a common heartrate of what
80-120
T/f excess phosphorous causes big head disease
TRUE
how much of the total digestive tract does the stomach make up
10%
where is starch mostly absorbed
the SI
what is cellulose absorbed as in the hindgut
VFAs
T/F animals are able to use VFAs for energy and can be obtained from the degradation of different feedstuffs
TRUE
what does HYPP stand for
hyperkalemic periodic paralysis
T/F when starch spills a over into the cecum its known as CHO overload
TRUE
deficiency of which vitamin can cause night blindness
A
