Birth and Parturition Flashcards
when should you move mare to foaling area
10 months gestation(4-6 weeks pre EFD)
what should be present if foaling in a grass paddock
shelter
light
what should be present if foaling in stall
stall 2x regular size
bedded with straw
physical changes 30 d before foaling
vulva relaxes
muscles over croup relax
udder starts to fill out
physical changes 2 weeks before foaling
utter large and fully filled out
caslicks
sutures in vulva to prevent it from collecting bacteria and fecal/urinary waste prior to foaling
T/F its ok to let a mare foal with caslicks in
FALSE. she could die
physical changes in the last week before foaling
teats will wax(colostrum)
some mares may stream milk
how does predict-a-foal monitor for foaling
detects mineral concentration in milk(increases as parturition does)
how do hard water test strips predict foaling
tests Ca in milk, if 4/5 of squares are full foaling within 24 hours
first stage of parturition
-similar to colic
-restlessness
-sweating
-looking at her flanks
-pawing
length of 1st stage of parturition
no longer than 4 hours
second stage of parturition
-starts with breaking of chorioallantois
-release of allantoic fluid
-mare will lie down
-amnion will appear
-check for normal foal presentation
where does the chorioallantois break
at the cervix
normal presentation of foal
front feet pointed down
one foot in front of the other
head between legs
normal look of amnion
white sac
abnormal amnion
red bag, indicates probable dummy foal
what percent of births require no outside assistance
90%
average length of 2nd stage of parturition
15 minutes(no more than 30 minutes)
T/F maiden mares will have a longer 2nd stage of parturition
TRUE
events of 2nd stage of parturition post parturition
hind legs may still be in vagina, but foal will be through pelvis
-foal should be breathing and placenta should be free of muzzle
-umbilical cord will break
mare will rest for 30 minutes
T/F if the umbilical cord does not break on its own, you should cut it
FALSE. you can pull but dont cut
how should you treat the stump(where umbilical cord was on the foal)
iodine(harsher. may cause mild skin sloughing) or chlorohexidine/betadine for several days
third stage of parturition
expelling placenta
-mare will stand
-check for holes or missing fragments
how long should stage 3 of parturition last
an hour(no more than 3)
side effects of retained placenta
metritis or septicaemia
Dystocia
stress or complication at parturition that prevents normal birth
