Final (Part 1) Flashcards

1
Q

4 Main Complexes of Primate Pattern

A
  1. Grasping hands + feet
  2. Visual System
  3. Large complex brains & Associated behaviour
  4. Skeletal and dental features
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2
Q

How much genetic material shared between chimps, bonobos and humans?

A

~98% shared

~1 difference

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3
Q

Possible shared traits between humans and great apes

A
  1. Language and Cognition
    - self-awareness
    - use of language (able to understand and use sign lang.)
  2. Capacity to Transforms One’s Environment
    - develop tools/methods
  3. Transmission of Knowledge & Emergence of Cultural Traditions
    - teaching others how to do stuff
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4
Q

Derived Traits

A

-obtaining a trait that the LCA didn’t have

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5
Q

Primitive/Generalized trait

A
  • inherited by LCA (ancestral traits)

- does not mean less successful / evolved

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6
Q

Homoplasy

A

a trait found in 2 or more species that was evolved independently in each

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7
Q

2 Ways Homoplasy Arises

A
  1. PARALLEL EVOLUTION
    - same common ancestor; develop trait b/c they face similar issues
  2. CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
    - distantly/not related; converge on similar solution to similar issues
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8
Q

True or False:

Homoplasies are used to establish phylogenetic relationships?

A

False.

HOMOLOGOUS TRAITS are used to establish phylogenetic relationships.

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9
Q

Proximate VS Ultimate

A

Proximate –> Underlying causes for a particular behaviour

Ultimate –> Functional approaches of why primates have been selected to behave as they do under particular conditions

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10
Q

Referential Model

A

using particular species to draw analogies with others

EXAMPLE: humans studying primates to get a better understanding of themselves

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11
Q

Referential Model

A

using particular species to draw analogies with others

EXAMPLE: humans studying primates to get a better understanding of themselves

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12
Q

Strategic Model

A

Emphasize evolutionary and ecological processes that affect behaviour

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13
Q

Strategic Model

A

Emphasize evolutionary and ecological processes that affect behaviour

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14
Q

Sexual Dimorphism

A

Morphological differences between males and females

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