- fetal tone - gross movements - fetal breathing - amniotic fluid volume - non stress test

Final OB Q4 T1 Flashcards by Ty Christensen

The cerebral spinal fluid travels from the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle via what structure?

Foramen of Monro

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Is Nuchal skin fold measurement used to confirm gestational age?

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The third ventricle communicates with the fourth ventricle at the

Aqueduct of Silvius

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Parameters of a BPP

fetal tone
gross movements
fetal breathing
amniotic fluid volume
non stress test

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The size of the sister in a magna is obtained by measuring from the _____ to the ______

Vermis to the occipital bone

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The Cisterna magna should not exceed _____ in the transcerebral plane

10mm

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The abdominal circumference should not include

The kidneys

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A normal cervix in pregnancy should measure at least ____ in length

3cm

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The placenta of the macrosomic fetus can become significantly ______

Large

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Predictors of discordance in the growth of twins include

Difference in abdominal circumference of 20 mm or greater

Difference in estimated fetal weight greater than 20%

Difference in femur length by 5 mm or greater

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The presentation of a fetus lying perpendicular to the maternal sagittal access is in the _____ position

Transverse

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For the normal biophysical profile and the amniotic fluid pocket should measure

At least 1 cm in two perpendicular planes

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Poly-Oli sequence is also known as

Stuck twin syndrome

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In fetal circulation, oxygenated blood enters the fetal abdomen by the umbilical vein and then it flows directly to the IVC via the _____

Ductus venosus

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In fetal circulation, from the right ventricle, the blood courses from the pulmonary artery into the ______ and then through the ascending a order to provide oxygenated blood

Ductus arteriosis

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The Cavum septum pellucidi is observed anterior to the

Thalamus

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The structure located between the two lobes of the cerebellum

Cerebellar vermis

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The measurement obtained between the lateral walls of the Orbits is referred to as

Binocular diameter

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The fetal kidneys are most commonly located

Adjacent to the fetal spine

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One of the growth problems seen in the fetus of a diabetic mother

Macrosomia

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Term used for a monochorionic twin pregnancy in which one fetus develops without a heart or upper body

Acardiac anomaly

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The FL:AC ratio is or isn’t a good positive predictive value of IUGR

Is not

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Twins that arise from two separately fertilized ova

Dizygotic

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The profile view of the fetal face is important to examine to rule out

Frontal bossing
micrognathia
Cephalocele

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IUGR Is most commonly defined as an estimated fetal weight under _____ for a given gestational age

At or below the 10th percentile

macrosomia is defined as an estimated fetal weight(EFW) or birth weight of the above _______

The 90th percentile for gestational age

The single most useful biometric parameter to assess fetal growth:

Aqueductal stenosis will lead to a build up of CSF in

Lateral ventricles | 3rd ventricle

Measurement of the BPD is taken from the ______edge to the ______

Outer edge to inner edge

Asymmetric IUGR is usually caused by

Placental insufficiency

Beyond 30 weeks of gestation, a renal pelvis is considered abnormal when measuring greater than

10mm

The measurement that should be carefully scrutinized in cases of IUGR

And S/D ratio of the umbilical artery can be used to evaluate fetal well-being when?

After 30 weeks

The BPD is the measurement of the fetal head at the level of the

Thalamus and CSP

BPP scoring is conducted for:

30 minutes

An abnormally small chin is termed:

Micrognathia

The fourth ventricle is located _____ to the cerebellar vermis

Group of conditions in which hydrops is present in the fetus but isn’t a result of fetal maternal blood group incompatibility

Nonimmune hydrops

Sonographic findings of fetal hydrops in a isoimmunized pregnancy includes:

- pleural effusion - polyhydramnios - pericardial effusion - thickening placenta

The 3rd ventricle is located:

Between the two lobes of the thalamus

Premature labor is defined as the onset of labor before ___ weeks

37 weeks

An increased incidence of morbidity and mortality as the result of head and shoulder injuries is found in:

Macrosomic fetus

Macroglossia is commonly found with

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

The normal atrium of the lateral ventricle should measure less than ___

10mm

Organ most severely affected by IUGR

Liver

Fetal anatomy may be assessed accurately after

18 weeks

Twins having 2 placentas and one amniotic sac are referred to as:

This doesn’t occur

Overlapping skull bones

Spalding sign

Located on both sides of the midline (brain)

Lateral ventricles

Is nonimmune hydrops associated with Rh isoimmunization?

The thickness of the Nuchal fold in the second trimester should not exceed

6mm

Especially in the 3rd trimester, a fetus in the breech position may demonstrate a cranium shape of:

Dolichocephalic

Fetal presentation is determined by identifying the fetal part that is closest to the:

Internal os of cervix

When fetal death occurs after the fetus has reached a certain size that is too large to resorb into the uterus, it appears as what?

Fetus papyraceous or paper doll syndrome

The plane used for a HC should include

Thalamus and CSP

If division of one fertilized egg occurs 4-8 days after fertilization:

One chorion and two amnions

Which drug is given to the Rh-negative mother to protect against isoimmunization

RhoGAM

You are scanning a twin gestation and one twin has fetal hydrops while the other is small for gestational age. What condition should be expected?

Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome

Maternal obesity has been associated with an increased incidence of which anomaly

Neural tube defects

What measurement incorporates several fetal growth parameters such as BPD, HC, AC, and FL

Estimated fetal weight

A condition in which the fetus is not growing at normal rates is:

IUGR

An unusual protuberance of the tongue is:

Macroglossia

Caudal regression syndrome is most commonly found in patients with

Diabetes

Systemic IUGR is usually the result of

Fist trimester insult

Conjoined twins that are joined at the abdomen

Omphalopagus

Assess of the fetus to determine fetal well-being, including cardiac non-stress test, fetal breathing, gross body movement, fetal tone, and amniotic fluid volume:

BPP

Dilation of the entire ventricular system, including the 4th ventricle, is associated with:

Spinal defects

All long bones should be measured if the difference between the femur length and all other biometric parameters is:

2 weeks or greater

Most useful biometric measurement to use as a growth parameter

Doppler assessment of the middle-cerebral artery(MCA) can:

Evaluate the fetus for hypoxia

Significant maternal risk factors for IUGR include all except: A) tobacco use B) significant placental hemorrhage C) severe hypotension

Severe hypotension

Fetal liver: the right lobe is _____ than the left lobe

Smaller

Hypertensive pregnancies may be associated with:

Small placentas

Twins that have the threat of being conjoined:

Monochorionic and monoamniotic

Normally, the apex of the heart is toward the ____

Left

Pregnancy complication that is characterized by hypertension, proteinuria, and edema

Preeclampsia

Diamniotic and dichorionic twins have how many gestational sacs and placentas?

2 of both

In fetuses with asymmetric IUGR, vascular resistance:

Increases in umbilical artery and aorta, and decreases is the MCA

The development of conjoined twins occurs when the division of the egg occurs after ____

13 days

Because of the low-density brain tissue, the texture of the brain may appear:

Hypoechoic

Secondary to pregnancy induced hypertension, the occurence of a coma or seizures in the 2/3 trimesters

Eclampsia

Femur length measurement only includes:

Femoral diaphysis from end to end

Cord entanglement is most often seen in

Mono/mono pregnancies

Most frequent cause of nonimmune hydrops

Cardiovascular lesions

Clinical observations for IUGR include:

Grade 3 placenta before 36 weeks Decreased motion Decreased placental thickness

Two widest transverse diameter of the skull and the proper level to measure to BPD includes what structure:

Thalamus

Fetal measurement that is just about as accurate as the BPD in determining gestational age