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Zak, Epidemiology > Final: Lecture 20 > Flashcards

Final: Lecture 20 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a true positive?

A

Test reports a positive result in a patient that DOES have the disease

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2
Q

what is a true negative?

A

Test reports a negative result in a patient that DOES NOT have the disease

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3
Q

What is a false positive?

A

Test reports a positive result in a patient that DOES NOT have the disease

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4
Q

What is a false negative?

A

Test reports a negative result in a patient that DOES have the disease

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5
Q

What is sensitivity?

A

How well a test can detect disease, if disease is present

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6
Q

What is specificity?

A

How well a test can detect absence of disease, if disease is absent

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7
Q

What is the positive predictive value?

A

How accurately a positive test predicts the presence of disease

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8
Q

What box in the 2x2 table represents the TP, FP, TN, FN

A

TP- A
FP- B
TN- D
FN- C

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9
Q

How do you calculate specificity?

A

TP/All diseased

A/A+C

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10
Q

How do you calculate sensitivity?

A

TN/All not diseased

D/B+D

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11
Q

How do you calculate positive predictive value?

A

TP/All positive tests

A/A+B

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12
Q

What is the negative predictive value?

A

How accurately a negative test predicts the absence of disease

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13
Q

How do you calculate negative predictive value?

A

TN/All negative tests

D/C+D

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14
Q

What is diagnostic accuracy/precision?

A

Proportion of time a patient is correctly identified as either having disease or not having disease

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15
Q

How do you calculate diagnostic accuracy/precision?

A

(TP+TN)/All patients

(A+D)/A+B+C+D

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16
Q

What is the likelihood ratio positive?

A

Probability of positive test in presence of disease/Probability of positive test in absence of disease

17
Q

What is the likelihood ratio negative?

A

Probability of negative test in presence of disease/Probability of negative test in absence of disease

18
Q

How do you calculate likelihood ratio positive?

A

Sensitivity/(1-specificity)

19
Q

How do you calculate likelihood ratio negative?

A

(1-sensitivity)/Specificity

20
Q

What is the bottom line value for data to be called either LR+ or LR-?

A

LR+ should be >10

LR- should be <0.1

21
Q

What is validity?

A

Ability to accurately tell between those who DO have disease and those who DO NOT have disease

22
Q

What is internal validity?

A

Extent the results accurately reflect the true situation of the study population

23
Q

What is external validity?

A

Extent the results are applicable to other populations not included in the study

24
Q

What is reliability?

A

Ability of a test to give the same result on repeated uses

Zak, Epidemiology (16 decks)

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