Final Lecture 17: March 26 Flashcards
wat is Melody:
A sequence of notes or chords perceived as a single coherent structure
Examples: “Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star” or “Row row row your boat”
Melodies can be defined by their what
countours -
what are countours
the pattern of rises and declines in pitch – rather than by an exact sequence of sound frequencies
can Melodies can change octaves or keys and still be the same melody even if they have completely different notes
yes
Music is mostly processed where
in the right auditory cortex.
what is Congenital amusia:
Umbrella term for lifelong musical disabilities that cannot be attributed to intellectual disability, lack of exposure, or brain damage after birth
On standardised tests, amusics are impaired at detectingwhat
pitch deviations that are smaller than two semitones (ex. difference between D and C).
can congenital amuse people report tones that are out-of-key, i.e. that don’t fit with the melody.
That can’t report tones that are out-of-key, i.e. that don’t fit with the melody.
what is ERAN
(early right anterior negativity) is a negative event-related potential (ERP) that occurs 200 ms after the detection of a melodic tonal violation
what is P600
is a positive event-related potential (ERP) that occurs 600 ms the detection of a melodic tonal violation. It reflects the conscious perception of the tonal violation
what is Amusics ERAN and P600
have normal ERANs, but have no P600, which suggests that they lack conscious access to processed pitch deviances, i.e. they are «in-tune» but «unaware»
what is Absolute Pitch:
a rare ability whereby some people are able to very
accurately name or produce notes without comparison to other notes.
-> recent studies suggest it is ~ 1/1500.
is Absolute Pitch hereditary
Concordance rate for AP is higher in monozygotic twin pairs vs. Dizygotic twin pairs (i.e. AP is heritable), suggesting that genetic factors contribute to AP.
what is Tempo:
The perceived speed of the presentation of sounds.
what is Rhythm:
repeated pattern of sounds in time.
- other activities such as walking, dancing, etc… have rhythm. - rhythm is what allows us to sing all at the same time (together).