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Pathophysiology > Final: Lab Values > Flashcards

Final: Lab Values Flashcards

1
Q

RBCs

A

Male: 4.5-5.5x 106uL
Female 4.0.-4.9 x 106uL

(An adult human body has approximately 4.5-5.5L of blood - roughly males amt)

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2
Q

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) mass of RBC

A

27-32 pg

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3
Q

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)- color due to concentration of HgB

A

32-36g/dL *could be seen as a percent (32-36%)

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4
Q

Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)-size of RBC

A

80-100 fL

MCV sounds like MVC, going 80-100mph

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5
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Males: 13-18 g/dL
Females: 12-16 g/dL

When you think of hemoglobin, think of oxygen as hemoglobin carries and transfers oxygen.

RR = 12-18 breaths per minute

normal range for hemoglobin is 12-18 g/dL.

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6
Q

Hematocrit

A

Male: 45-52%
Female: 37-48%

When you think of hematocrit, think of hematocrisis and a midlife crisis which typically occurs between 37-52 years old.

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7
Q

WBCs

A

Males/females 4.1-10.9 x103 mm3

Wanna Buy a Car for $4,000-$11,000.

remember the normal range for WBCs is about 4,000-11,000/mcL.

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8
Q

WBC differential
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes/macrophages
Eosinophils
Basophils

A

50-70%
20-50%
2-12%
0-7%
0-2%

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9
Q

Platelets

A

150,000-400,000 L (150-400x103 uL)

Platelets -> plate

Fine China plate sets may cost anywhere from $150-400 on average

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10
Q

Sodium (NA)

A

135-145 mEq/L

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11
Q

Potassium (K)

A

3.5-5.0 mEq/L

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12
Q

Calcium (Ca)

(gallon of milk)

A

8.5-10.5 mg/dL

A gallon of milk weighs about 8.5 pounds.

Then think of 2% milk to help you remember to add 2 to the 8.5.

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13
Q

Magnesium (Mg)

(smallest)

A

1.5-2.5 mEq/L

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14
Q

Chloride (Cl)

(hot tub)

A

95-105 mEq/L

When you think of chloride, think of chlorine in a hot tub.

The average temperature of a hot tub is 95-105 degrees Fahrenheit.

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15
Q

Phosphate (PO4)

(relationship to calcium)

A

2.5-4.5 mg/dL

Calcium and phosphate have inverse relationship in the body

Calcium’s low value is 8.5

Take away the .5’s and focus on the 8 and it will help remember that phosphate’s ranges are 2 x 4

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16
Q

Glucose (fasting)

A

75-110 mg/dL (may see 120) *70-90 for fasting

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17
Q

Creatine Kinase (CK)

A

20-200 U/L *female 20-180

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18
Q

Creatine kinase MG (CK-MB)

A

<0.4-0.6

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19
Q

Troponin I serum

A

<0.1 ng/mL

20
Q

Brain Natriuretic peptide (BNP)

A

<100pg/mL

21
Q

NT-proBNP

A

<400pg/mL (values increase with age higher in women than men)

22
Q

International normalized ratio (INR)

A

0.8-1.2

You can use the letter “I” in INR to remember the number 1 (values around 1)

23
Q

Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) *aPTT is more sensitive version of PTT

A

21-35 secs

You can use the first “T” to remember “Ten” and the second “T” to remember “Twenty/Thirty”

24
Q

Prothrombin time (PT)

A

10-16 sec, 11-13sec

You can use the “T” in PT to remember “Ten”

25
Q

Cholesterol-total

A

<200 mg/dL

26
Q

High-density lipoprotein (HDL)

A

Male >40 mg/dL
Female> 50 mg/dL

27
Q

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)

A

<100mg/dL

28
Q

Triglycerides

A

<150mg/dL

29
Q

Creatinine

A

0.6-1.2 mg/dL

30
Q

BUN

A

6-20 mg/dL

31
Q

Albumin

A

3.5-5.0 g/dL

32
Q

Bilirubin

A

0.2-1.2 mg/dL

33
Q

Alanine transaminase (ALT)

A

10-40 U/L

34
Q

Aspartate aminotransferace (AST)

A

10-30 U/L

35
Q

Amylase

A

30-122 U/L

36
Q

Ammonia

A

15-60 mcg/dL

37
Q

TSH

A

0.45-4.5 mU/L

38
Q

Free thyroxine (FT4)

A

5.4-11.5 ug/dL or 57-148 mmol/L

39
Q

pH

A

7.35-7.45

40
Q

HCO3
(Carbonation & soda)

A

22-26 mEq/L or 24-28 mEq/L

When you think of bicarbonate, think of carbonation and soda.

Soda is usually sold in a 12 pack.

However, it’s bicarbonate so we need to multiply the 12 by 2 (BI = 2).

This gives us 24, which will help us remember the normal range of 23-29 mEq/L.

41
Q

PaCO2

A

35-45mm Hg

matches pH values

42
Q

Osmolality

A

280-310 mOsm/kg

43
Q

Specific gravity

A

1.005-1.030 (general see 1.010-1.025)

44
Q

GFR

A

90-120 mL per minute

45
Q

UA

A

Color: yellow

Appearance: yellow-slight hazy

Glucose, ketones, protein, bilirubin: negative

Nitrate for bacteria: negative

WBCs & RBCs: negative

Spec grav: Normal 1.010-1.030 (water is 1.000)

pH (acidic) 4.6-8.0

Pathophysiology (24 decks)

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