Final Lab Practical Flashcards
Identify structures in picture




What are these structures in the cerebellum?










Where is the
Sulcus
Gyrus
Corpus Callosum
Lateral, third, fourth ventricles
Cerebellum
Arbor Vitae
Pons
Medulla Oblongata
Optic Chiasm
Pineal Gland
Superior and inferior colliculi














What is the histology of the retina?




What does it mean to be 20/450?
From 20 ft you can see what an average person can see at 450 ft
What does 20/15 mean?
From 20 ft you can see what the average person can see at 15 ft
What is astigmatism?
Imperfection on the curvature of the cornea
What is the convergence reflex?
Use of eye muscles to make sure both eyes position in a manner that ensures images fall on corresponding points
What is nerve deafness?
Caused by damage to the cochlea or vestibular-cochlear nerve
-not curable, need cochlear implants
What is conduction deafness?
Caused by damage to the typmanic membrane or ear ossicles
What hormones are released by the anterior pituitary gland?
- Name
- Target cells
- Principal Effects
- Control of Secretion
NAME: Thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH
TARGET CELL(S): follicle cells of the thyroid gland
PRINCIPAL EFFECT(S): increased thyroxine (T3 and T4) secretion from the thyroid gland = BMRincreases
CONTROL OF SECRETION: decreased BMR stimulates TSH-RF from hypothalamus; increased basal metabolic rate turns off TSH-RF secretion
What hormones are released by the thyroid gland follicles?
- Name
- Target cells
- Principal Effects
- Control of Secretion
Name: thyroxine, tetraiodothyronine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3)
Target Cells: all cells of the body
Principal Effects: increased carb/fat catabolism, increased protein anabolism = increased basal metabolic rate of body
Control of Secretion: Decreased BMR = hypothalamic TSH-RF secretion = secretion of TSH from anterior pituitary gland = stimulates thyroid follicle cells to release thyroxine
What hormones are released by the beta (B) cells of islets of Langerhans of pancreas?
- Name
- Target cells
- Principal Effects
- Control of Secretion
Name: insulin
Target Cells: all cells of the body (particularly muscle)
Principal Effects: increased cellular uptake of glucose from blood
Control of Secretion: hyperglycemia = stimulates beta cells to secrete insulin
glucose level falls = secretion of insulin turned off
What hormones are released by the follicle cells of the ovaries?
- Name
- Target cells
- Principal Effects
- Control of Secretion
Name: estrogen
Target Cells: endometrium of uterus
Principal Effects: increased mitosis in cells of endometrium
Control of Secretion: low blood estrogen = Gonadotropin-RF from the hypothalamus = stimulates anterior pituitary gland to release FSH = stimulates ovarian follicle cells to produce estrogen
Go through the HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-THYROID AXIS

Go through the HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-GONADAL AXIS
(female – follicle stimulating hormone)

Go through the ANTAGONISTIC CONTROL OF BLOOD GLUCOSE.


