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Pharm Fall 2019 > Final - Herbals > Flashcards

Final - Herbals Flashcards

1
Q

When should supplements be held?

A

2 weeks prior to surgery

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2
Q

2 biggest problems in surgery related to supplements

A
  1. Increased bleeding

2. Prolonged sedation

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3
Q

Increased risk of bleeding

A 
4 G’s, B, F
Black Cohosh
Feverfew
Ginkgo
Garlic
Ginger
Ginseng
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4
Q

Supplements that may enhance GABA

A

Valerian

Kava

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5
Q

Supplement that may cause benzo like withdrawal

A

Valerian

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6
Q

Adverse effects of Kava Kava

A

Liver failure

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7
Q

AEs - Echinacea

A

Hepatotoxicity

Immune suppression

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8
Q

St. John’s Wort AEs

A

Induces CYP

Risk of SS (avoid ephedrine, meperidine, MAOIs, SSRIs, TCAs)

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9
Q

AE melatonin

A

Prolonged emergence from anesthesia

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10
Q

Ephedra - AEs

A

Catecholamine depletion

Pressor of choice: phenylephrine

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11
Q

Which vitamins may cause accumulation

A

Lipid soluble - DEAK

Toxicity

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12
Q

alternative tx for Hyperlipidemia

A

Niacin (B3)

AEs: niacin flush

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13
Q

AE Vitamin E

A

Anticoagulant — May potentiate warfarin

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14
Q

Vitamin K works on which factors

A

2, 7, 9, 10 (do NOT confuse with PNS: 3)

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15
Q

Acetaminophen MOA

A

COX inhibitor

NOT anti-inflammatory

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16
Q

Acetaminophen max dose to cause toxicity

A

14g

17
Q

Tylenol OD Tx

A

Activated Charcoal/N-acetylcystein

18
Q

NSAID characteristic

A

Antiplatelet

19
Q

Toradol other name

A

Ketorolac

20
Q

Toradol - avoid in which pts

A

Renal impairment

Bronchospasm

21
Q

Toradol is effective in which pts

A

GYN procedures: uterine spasms

22
Q

NSAIDs MOA

A

Inhibit cycloxygenase activity (COX 1, 2) —> dec prostaglandin synthesis —> dec inflammation —> dec peripheral nociception/pain perception

23
Q

Samters Triad

A

NSAIDs - nasal polyps, NSAID allergy, bronchospasm

24
Q

Hx of asthma, avoid which Rx?

A

Toradol (or any NSAID?)

25
Q

ASA

A

Irreversible inhibition of COX1/platelet inhibition
Life of platelet: 7 days
Hold min. 5 days prior to surgery

Pharm Fall 2019 (33 decks)

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