Final Exam: Week 9 Sensory Function

Question 1

How do our bodies receive information?

Answer 1

Generalized and specialized sensory receptors

Question 2

Perception

Answer 2

• A higher sensory function
• Enables the person to receive and perceive that a stimulus has occurred, process the info, and attach meaning

Question 3

Process of perceiving a stimuli

Answer 3

Sensation (stimuli) → Perception → Comprehension

Question 4

What do vision impairments lead to?

Answer 4

• Limited activity and participation limitations
• Depression
• Psychological disorders

Question 5

Age related changes to the eye

Answer 5

• Loss of subcutaneous fat and decreased tissue elasticity
• Cornea thickens/flattens and becomes less smooth
• Pupil undergoes degenerative changes

Question 6

Age related changes to visual pathway

Answer 6

Degeneration along the optic pathway responsible for processing visual information

Question 7

What do changes in vision result in?

Answer 7

• Narrower field of vision
• Problems with seeing clearly in dim light
• Problems with light and dark adaptations
• Increased sensitivity to glare

Question 8

Conductive hearing loss

Answer 8

Results from changes in structure, may be corrected

Question 9

Sensorineural hearing loss

Answer 9

Results from loss or damage to sensory hair cells in cochlea, not correctable but hearing aids can help

Question 10

2 most common causes of hearing loss in older adults

Answer 10

Presbycusis and noise induced hearing loss from Lon-term exposure to noise

Question 11

Age related hearing loss

Answer 11

Presbycusis

Question 12

Four types of presbycusis

Answer 12

Sensory, neural, atrial, and cochlear conductive

Question 13

Prolonged exposure to noise over ___db will cause damage over time

Answer 13

85

Question 14

Age related changes in hearing

Answer 14

• Loss of cochlear hairs
• Changes to auditory pathway
• Tinnitus
• Decreased sound sensitivity

Question 15

Speech and aging

Answer 15

• Degradation of speech comprehension due to hearing changes
• Reduced speech recognition/discrimination

Question 16

Social consequences of presbycusis

Answer 16

• Difficulty in social encounters/withdrawal from social interaction
• Safety concerns
• Reduce pleasure in activities

Question 17

Who is most at risk for changes in taste and smell?

Answer 17

Smokers

Question 18

Changes in taste are associated with

Answer 18

• Decreased number of taste buds
• Poorer flavor discrimination
• Decreased ability to identify foods
• Declines in olfactory function

Question 19

Consequences of vision loss

Answer 19

Difficulty reading and driving

Question 20

Consequences of hearing loss

Answer 20

Difficulty in social interaction

Question 21

Consequences of changes in taste and smell

Answer 21

Affects social participation and nutritional status

Question 22

All sensory loss impairs…

Answer 22

Safety

Question 23

Somesthesis

Answer 23

Sensations that arise from light and deep touch of the skin

Question 24

Kinesthesis

Answer 24

Sensation and awareness of active or passive movement

Question 25

Age related changes to skin

Answer 25

• Epidermis becomes thinner, drier, and stiffer
• Dermis becomes thinner
• Hypodermis stores less fat, impairing thermoregulation

Question 26

Interventions to address sensory changes

Answer 26

• Many older adults adapt on their own
• Assistive devices
• Environmental modifications