Final Exam: Week 10 Sensory Diseases and Home Health

Question 1

Low vision

Answer 1

Loss of sight that is not correctable with lenses, causes dysfunction

Question 2

Estimated ___ individuals in the U.S have low vision, ___% of them are over 65

Answer 2

3.5 million
80%

Question 3

Cataracts result in

Answer 3

• Decreased acuity
• Blurred vision
• Altered color perception
• Increased glare sensitivity
• Difficulty driving at night
• Difficulty with low contrast
• Image distortion

Question 4

How to correct cataracts?

Answer 4

Surgery

Question 5

Dry macular degeneration is characterized by…

Answer 5

Yellow deposits of extracellular material in the macula
MOST common type of AMD

Question 6

Wet macular degeneration is characterized by…

Answer 6

Proliferation of abnormal blood vessels, develops more rapidly

Question 7

Glaucoma

Answer 7

Progressive optic nerve damage resulting from excess intraocular pressure

Question 8

Glaucoma results in…

Answer 8

Loss of peripheral vision

Question 9

Diabetic neuropathy

Answer 9

Results from diabetes, leads to spotty vision and potential blindness

Question 10

Parkinson’s retinopathy

Answer 10

Creates visual problems including hallucinations, problems with reading, attention, and contrast sensitivity

Question 11

OT role in vision loss treatment

Answer 11

• Education
• Assistive devices
• Adaptive techniques
• Environmental modifications
• Psychosocial issues
• Community resources

Question 12

______ disorders increase fall risk

Answer 12

Vestibular

Question 13

Vestibular system

Answer 13

Helps to maintain balance

Question 14

Vertigo may be caused by…

Answer 14

• Viral or bacterial infections in the ear
• Head injury
• Blood circulation disorders affecting inner ear or brain

Question 15

Older adults have higher risk of skin problems such as…

Answer 15

• Skin irritation
• Excessive itching
• Dry skin
• Pressure ulcers
• Skin infections

Question 16

Interventions for anorexia of aging

Answer 16

• Proper seating
• Adequate time to eat
• Dental care
• Swallowing exercises
• Appealing food

Question 17

Chemosensory system

Answer 17

• Diminished olfaction and gustation reduce pleasure in food and contribute to anorexia of aging
• Contributing factors include history of smoking, several of the dementing disorders

Question 18

Ways to address eating related problems

Answer 18

• Good oral care before meals.
• Medications in doses and timing to minimize their impact on taste disruptions.
• Hot meals.
• Provide meals at the highest level of texture the older adult can tolerate.
• Amplify the flavors of food by adding flavor and ensure the meals are appealing to the eye.