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OT 401: OP & Context for Older Adults > Final Exam: Week 2 Psych Concerns, Health/Wellness > Flashcards

Final Exam: Week 2 Psych Concerns, Health/Wellness Flashcards

1
Q

Rowe/Kahn Model of Successful Aging

A
  • Established in 1998
  • An early effort to identify key factors in positive aging
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2
Q

3 factors of the Rowe and Kahn Model

A
  • Absence of disease and disability
  • Positive cognitive and physical function
  • Engagement with life
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3
Q

Definition of health

A

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

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4
Q

Definition of health promotion

A

Engaging in activities that promote health, engage all population with different abilities

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5
Q

Definition of wellness

A

A multidimensional state of being, describing the existence of positive health in an individual as exemplified by quality of life and a sense of well-being

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6
Q

Definition of preventative occupation

A

Promote physical activities, lecture series about preventing falls etc.

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7
Q

PEO- Person factors

A

Genetics- predisposition to disease
Spirituality
Personality characteristics- perceived control, self-efficacy

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8
Q

PEO- Environment factors

A

Home- may present barriers but can support positive aging
Community- environmental factors support or inhibit well being

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9
Q

Examples of home and community barriers

A

Home- many flights of stairs or no bathroom on first floor
Community- access to transportation, how safe is it to walk outside

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10
Q

PEO- Occupation factors

A

Physical activity- helps older adults maintain function and decrease risk for disease
DOES NOT have to be intense exercise

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11
Q

Person components

A
  • Genetics
  • Physical activity
  • Nutrition
  • Social participation/support
  • Occupational engagement
  • Mental health
  • Coping
  • Spirituality
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12
Q

Environment components

A

8 domains
- Outdoor spaces and buildings
- Transportation
- Housing
- Social participation
- Respect and social inclusion
- Civic participation and employment
- Communication and information
- Community support and services

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13
Q

Social determinants of health

A

Conditions in which people live, including access to health care

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14
Q

Occupation components

A

Staying active- supports cognition, social connectedness, and productivity…prevents cognitive decline

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15
Q

Relationship between participation in occupation and activities/health

A

Associated with maintenance of an active lifestyle, lower mortality and morbidity, improved ability to perform ADLs and IADLs, and fewer limitations in functional performance

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16
Q

Health behavior change strategies

A
  • Talk about nutrition, exercise, managing medical conditions, and lifestyle redesign for adults moving into retirement
  • Health promotion programming
  • Identify specific interventions to promote wellness (LiFE)
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17
Q

Rehabilitation framework

A
  • Identifies occupational performance problems that need to be addressed through OT
  • Intervention focuses on: restoration, remediation, compensation, and adaptation
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18
Q

Health education

A

Provides evidence to support establishment of good health practices

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19
Q

Health coaching

A

A client-centered approach that is based on behavior change models and uses motivational interviewing to help individuals develop and implement a plan of action to achieve goals

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20
Q

Health promotion

A
  • Emphasizes the importance of motivating people to establish health and wellness goals as a means to engage in their life passions
  • Basis of OT
21
Q

Lifestyle redesign

A

Focuses on educating older adults about the importance of occupation to enhance physical, mental, emotional, social, and spiritual health and on preparing them to be reflective about their occupational choices

22
Q

Physical activity

A
  • Moderate to high intensity
  • Increase heart rate for at least a few minutes at a time, integrate into everyday life
23
Q

Active living and staying active programs

A

Building increased physical activity into everyday life

24
Q

By 2050, the aging population is projected to be…

A

88.5 million (roughly 20% of the total population)

25
Q

Activities that enhance well being

A

Education, positive health habits, and introducing physical activity in later life

26
Q

Definition of spirituality

A

A human characteristic of being sensitive to or seeking the presence of spirit
- A relationship to a higher power or a relationship with meaning or purpose in life

27
Q

Definition of religion

A

An organized, institutionalized expression of belief and system of worship

28
Q

Why does spirituality matter to OT?

A

Mind-body-spirit, has a special meaning in later life (illness or disability), can refer to a spiritual care professional

29
Q

Religion and medical care

A

Some religions state that individuals cannot utilize medication/treatments, overall up to individual

30
Q

How common is depression in later life?

A

8% of older adults vs 12% ages 18-29, however ENVIRONMENT matters…nursing home prevalence is 35%

31
Q

Highest suicide completion rate

A

Older adults particularly men 80-85

32
Q

Untreated depression in older adults can affect…

A

Functional performance

33
Q

Depression risk factors in older adults

A
  • Losing spouse/friends
  • Losing independence
  • Loss of roles
  • Financial burdens
  • Substance abuse
  • Terminal diagnosis
  • Previous suicide attempts
34
Q

SIGECAPS

A

Sleep, Interest, Guilt, Energy, Concentration, Appetite, Psychomotor slowing, Suicidality

35
Q

Major depression symptoms

A

Depressed mood or loss of pleasure, 4 SIGECAPS symptoms, interferes with social/occupational function, at least 2 week duration

36
Q

Minor depression symptoms

A

Depressed mood or loss of pleasure, 1 SIGECAPS symptom, interferes with social/occupational function, at least 2 week duration

37
Q

Atypical/somatic depression vs. major depression

A

More common in older adults- physical symptom presentation

38
Q

Atypical/somatic depression symptoms

A

Pain in stomach, headache, sleep problems, decreased appetite

39
Q

Major depression prevalence

A

1-5% community dwelling adults 65+

40
Q

Minor depression prevalence

A

Prevalence: 10% of community dwelling adults 65+

41
Q

Anxiety disorders are most common…

A

At every life stage
Excessive worry, phobias, and social fears more common for older adults

42
Q

Anxiety somatic complaints

A

Restlessness, fatigue, body aches, insomnia, increased cardiovascular/respiratory response

43
Q

Etiology is a combination of…

A

Genetic vulnerability and environmental factors

44
Q

Bipolar disorder

A
  • 65+ prevalence is low
  • Genetic and environmental factors
  • Greater incidence for men in 80s-90s
  • Treatment is antipsychotics
45
Q

Substance abuse

A
  • Prevalent with veterans estimates up to 18-29%
  • Genetic vulnerability and environmental factors
  • Metabolization of substances is slower in older adulthood, substance abuse occurs more easily
46
Q

Medical treatment for depression

A

Antidepressants, electroconvulsive therapy

47
Q

Side effects of antidepressants

A

Confusion, disorientation, dry mouth, urinary retention and constipation, blurred vision, sleep disturbances, nightmares, agitation, cardiovascular changes
OTs MUST HAVE AN UNDERSTANDING of side effects

48
Q

T/F Electroconvulsive therapy is effective for everyone

A

False- some patients may be reluctant

OT 401: OP & Context for Older Adults (12 decks)

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