Final Exam - RAAS Flashcards
What is the precursor molecule that is converted into angiotensin I by renin?
Angiotensinogen
What is the enzyme responsible for converting angiotensinogen into angiotensin I?
Renin
What role does angiotensin II play in homeostasis with respect to blood pressure?
regulates blood pressure by inducing vasoconstriction, which increases peripheral vascular resistance.
How does angiotensin II impact fluid volume and electrolyte balance in the body?
Angiotensin II regulates fluid volume and electrolyte balance by inducing the release of aldosterone, which increases sodium and water retention and potassium excretion, leading to increased body fluid volume.
What enzyme converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II?
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE)
What stimulates the secretion of aldosterone?
Angiotensin II
What is the role of bradykinin in homeostasis?
Vasodilation, causing a drop in peripheral vascular resistance, increases vascular permeability, and is involved in processes related to pain and inflammation.
What role does aldosterone play in homeostasis, particularly in sodium and potassium levels?
Aldosterone increases sodium absorption, reduces potassium excretion, and causes sodium and water retention.
What is the primary effect of angiotensin II on the vascular system?
Vasoconstriction, which leads to an increase in peripheral vascular resistance.
How does angiotensin II influence fluid and electrolyte balance in the body?
Ang II Increases aldosterone release, resulting in increased sodium and water retention and potassium excretion, leading to an increase in body fluid volume.
What impact does angiotensin II have on the release of noradrenaline from sympathetic nerves?
Angiotensin II increases noradrenaline release from sympathetic nerves.
What physiological consequence is associated with angiotensin II regarding cardiac cells and vascular cells?
Angiotensin II can cause cardiac hypertrophy, leading to the growth of both vascular and cardiac cells.
What is the mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors such as perindopril and lisinopril in the RAAS?
ACE inhibitors inhibit the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
How do sartans like candesartan and irbesartan affect the RAAS?
Sartans prevent the binding of angiotensin II to type 1 angiotensin receptors.
