Dyslipidemia Flashcards
What causes dyslipidaemia (3 marks)
low physical activity
dietary fat intake
lipoprotein metabolism (mostly genetic)
medications or medical conditions
what is the primary risk of dyslipidemia?
arteriosclerosis
m
m
What is first line treatment for dyslipidaemia?
HMG-Coa reductase inhibitors (Statins)
What is the most potent statin?
rosuvastatin
What statins have the longest half-lives?
Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin
What is the most common side effect of a statin?
myopathy
what can you use instead of a high dose statin therapy in the treatment of dyslipidemia? Why is this useful?
low dose statin and ezetimibe, may mean less chance of AEs as AE risk is dose dependent
What is the effect of fibrates on lipid levels?
Lowers TG, increase HDL, Lowers LDL (less than statins
what si teh mode of action of fibrates?
activates Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor and the enzyme lipoprotein lipase which leads to lipolysis, reduction of TG and increased HDL synthesis
List three side effects of fibrates
GI side effects, photosensitivity, myopathy
What is the effect of nicotinic acid on lipid levels?
Reduces TG, LDL, increase HDL
What can omega 3 fatty acids do to triglycerides?
reduce by 25-30%
what are 3 causes of dyslipidemia?
o Atherosclerosis- hardening and thickening of arterial walls from plaques
o Lipoprotein metabolism (genetic)
o Dietary fat intake
o Physical activity levels
o Medications and medical condtions
What are three parts of the rationale for drug use?
- Reduce progression of atherosclerosis
- reduce risk of MI and stroke
- improve survival
- Reduce premature CV morbidity and mortality in people at high risk of CV events.
- Prevent pancreatitis due to hypertriglyceridaemia.
