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BIO 115 Exam #1 > Final exam part 2 > Flashcards

Final exam part 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

keep the osmolarity of body fluids different from the environment

A

osmoregulators

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2
Q

allows osmolarity of their body fluids to match their environment

A

osmoconformers

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3
Q

a complex of muscles that encircle the urethra and control the flow of urine.

A

urethral sphincter

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4
Q

what does the proximal convulated tubule of a nephron secrete

A

positive ion hydrogen into filtrate

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5
Q

what does proximal convuleted tubule of nephron reabsorb

A

Sodium, chloride, potassium, water, bicarbonate, and nutrients(glucose)

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6
Q

what does the descending loop of henle reabsorb

A

water through osmosis

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7
Q

what does the ascending loop of henle reabsorb

A

soidum and chloride ions

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8
Q

what does the distal convulated tubule do

A

is balances hydrogen and salt concentrations between urine and interstitial fluid surrounding the nephron

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9
Q

what the does the collecting ducts secrete

A

additional hydrogen to urine

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10
Q

what does the proximal end of a nephron filtrate

A

water, small molecules, and ions

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10
Q

what is reabsorbed in the collecting ducts

A

water and some urea is reabsorbed at the bottom of the ducts.

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11
Q

chemical stimuli

A

chemoreceptor

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12
Q

transduce light

A

photoreceptor

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13
Q

temperature change

A

thermoreceptors

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14
Q

respond to cell deformation

A

mechanoreceptors

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15
Q

respond to intense stimuli by signaling pain

A

nociceptors

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16
Q

signal positional info

A

proprioceptors

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16
Q

to change or convert environmental information in Action Potentials

A

transduce

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17
Q

easiest thing to interpret

A

modality

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18
Q

outermost layer and is transparent and admits light

A

cornea

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19
Q

behind the cornea and controls diameter of pupil also is the color of people eyes

A

iris

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20
Q

focuses image on retina

A

lens

21
Q

lines back of the eye and photoreceptors are filled inside and is the innermost layer of eye

A

retina

22
Q

is a type of photoreceptor that detects light intensity and is active during night

A

rods

23
Q

type of photoreceptor that detects different wavelengths (color) and is active during the day

A

cones

24
Q

constant rate as long as stimulus is applied

A

tonic receptor

25
Q

burst of activity where something quickly reduces firing rate to a stand stimulation(adaption)

A

phasic receptor

26
Q

what’s a type of tonic receptor

A

pain

26
Q

what’s a type of phasic receptor

A

smell and touch

27
Q

what are the two parts of your nervous system

A

CNS and PNS

28
Q

Example of PNS

A

spinal nerves nerves and ganglia

29
Q

Example of CNS

A

Large brain and spinal cord

30
Q

what does CNS stand for

A

central nervous system

31
Q

whats does PNS stand for

A

peripheral nervous system

32
Q

what are the two types of neurons?

A

afferent and efferent

33
Q

what is the afferent neurons function?

A

serves as a sensory nerve(touch)

34
Q

what is the efferent neuron function

A

Serves as a motor nerve (motors)

35
Q

what is the somatic system?

A

the nervous system responsible for the voluntary control of muscles.

36
Q

what is the autonomic system

A

it controls involuntary functions

37
Q

what are the two subsections of autonomic system

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic system

38
Q

forebrain transform to

A

cerebrum

39
Q

hindbrain transform to

A

medulla

40
Q

controls that autonomic, homestasis functions like breathing

A

medulla

41
Q

relays information from cerebrum to cerebellum, and regulates breathing centers in the medulla

A

pons

42
Q

integrates sensory inputs to coordinate body movements

A

cerebellum

43
Q

is a control center that regulates temperature and the biological clock

A

hypothalamus

44
Q

integrating center for memory, learning, emotions, and other highly complex fuctions

A

cerebrum

45
Q

stalk that joins with the spinal cord as the base of the brain

A

brainstem

46
Q

the receiver of sensory information

A

thalamus

47
Q

motor speech area

A

frontal lobe

48
Q

controls taste

A

insula lobe

49
Q

interprets and distinguishes sound and smell

A

temporal lobe

50
Q

interpret visual features

A

occipital lobe

51
Q

receives sensory input from skin, muscles, and joints

A

parietal lobe

BIO 115 Exam #1 (13 decks)

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