Exam #3 Key Term Part 3 Flashcards
signaling molecule that is used to produce in low concentrations by one part of an organism’s body and transported to other parts
hormone
any chemicals that promotes elongation of cells
auxin
growth response that results in plant organs curving toward or away from stimuli
tropism
promotes stem elongation and is synthesized in shoot and root tips
gibberellins
growing drastically than before
bolting
stimulates cell division and promotes leaf expansion mostly in root tips
cytokinins
it is produced from the stress of plants like droughts, flooding, mechanical pressure, injury, and infection. it also promotes fruit ripening.
ethylene
programmed death of certain cells or organs or the entire plant
senescence
cutting leaves off
abscission
inhibits growth in response to environmental cues
abscisic acid
growth of a shoot toward light or away from it
phototropism
adjustment of growth to where the shoot bends upward and the root curves downward( growth response to a directional light source)
gravitropism
dense cytoplasmic components that settle under the influence of gravity to the lower portions of the cell
statoliths
directional growt5h where cells on opposite sides began to coil (vines)
thigmotropism
reversible responses to non-directional stimuli (flower being closed during the day and opening in the afternoon)
nastic movements
cushion-like swellings at the base of the stalk of a leaf or leaflet
pulvini
change in electricity
action potential
physiological response to specific changes in night or day lengths, such as flowering
photoperiodism
pigments that absorb mostly red and far-red light, and regulate plant responses to light, including seed germination and shade avoidance.
phytochrome
flower in spring or summer( when day length is long relative to night)
long-day plants
flower in late summer or autumn (when day length is short relative to night)
short-day plants
flowering not affected by photoperiod (flower when reaches a certain maturity)
day-neutral plants
use of pretreatment with cold to stimulate flowering
vernalization
rest for winter hibernation(no growth)
dormancy
biological structure
anatomy
biological function
physiology
the independent evolution of similar features in different lineages
convergent evolution
groups of cells with a similar appearance and common function
tissues
different types of tissues that are functional units
organs
groups of organs working together
organ system
signaling molecules(hormones) are released into the bloodstream and are carried to all locations of the body
endocrine
glands that produce things to move to the outside (sweat and oil)
exocrine
