Final Exam for Driving School (Chapters 1-9)

Question 1

Approximately what percent of crashes are caused by driver error?

Answer 1

90%

Question 2

Drivers should develop the habit of searching ________ seconds ahead along their intended path of travel for objects and conditions that could increase risk.

Answer 2

20 to 30 seconds

Question 3

A teen’s driver’s chance of crashing is higher when driving:

Answer 3

Between 9 p.m. and 6 a.m.

Question 4

Approximately how long does it take a new driver to reach the driving ability of the average experienced driver?

Answer 4

5 years

Question 5

Primary factors invloved in teen crashes include:

Answer 5

Failing to yield the right of way, driving too fast for road conditions, and being distracted.

Question 6

Define “Graduated Driver Licensing” and explain each of the three stages of licensure.

Answer 6

Graduated Driver Licensing is a system designed to ease new drivers into safe driving.

1. Learners permit is a period were new drivers typically are require to successfully complete a Driver Education Program and learn basic driving skills under the supervision of a licensed instructor. Tis is the most restrictive.
2. Intermediate/Provisional License is where the learner is generally allowed to operate a vehicle unsupervised but with restrictions to reduce risk.
3. Full license is when a driver, typiclly around 17 or 18, obtains a license after meeting the requirements of the intermediate license.

Question 7

List and explain the three characteristics of risk

Answer 7

1. You are at risk every minute of the road
2. New drivers underestimate the risk
3. There are actions you can take to reduce your risk.

Question 8

Explain how to perform a systematic visual search

Answer 8

You must search 20 to 30 seconds ahead your intended path of travel for objects and conditions that could increase risk, be aware of available traction on the road surface, and identifying an alternate path of travel 12 to 15 seconds ahead so you can steer out of trouble if a threatening situation develops. Always keep your eyes moving.

Question 9

Explain the benefits of conducting supervised driving sessions.

Answer 9

Conducting supervised driving sessions can help new drivers survive the first few years as they gain the valuable behind-the-wheel experience needed to become safe drivers.

Question 10

Describe the Perceive -> Decide -> Act sequence and how it applies to reduced risk driving.

Answer 10

Perceive is to look out and process everyting in the traffic scene, Decide is making wise decisions with the information gathered from your visual search, Act is to take effective action. This sequence is something skillful drivers use to reduce the risk of themselves and others is faced with a dangerous situation.

Question 11

How often should the pre-driving checks indentified for approacing the vehicle and checking the outside of the vehicle be performed?

Answer 11

Everytime you drive

Question 12

When approacing your vehicle parked at a curb, you should:

Answer 12

Approach the driver’s door from the front of your vehicle, facing oncoming traffic

Question 13

Which of these hand positions allow for the best control when turning the steering wheel?

Answer 13

9 o’clock and 3 o’clock

Question 14

The top of the head restraint should be adjusted to a point:

Answer 14

Slightly above your ears

Question 15

List the pre-driving checks involved in safely approaching your vehicle.

Answer 15

1. Have keys in hand for safety
2. Stay alert to other pedestrians and rivers

Question 16

Explain how safety restraints can help protect vehicle occupants in a collision.

Answer 16

Safety restraints helps slow the rate of one flying out of their vehicle.

Question 17

Describe the optimal driver seating position.

Answer 17

1. Driver is seated upright
2. At least 10 inches away from the airbag
3. Hand positions at 9 o’clock and 3 o’clock

Question 18

Explain how to set vehicle side-view mirros, and how they help drivers monitor the space around their vehicles.

Answer 18

Drivers want the doorknobs (of the back) to be shown in mirrors. This gives them optimal viewing.

Question 19

Describe eight items that can appear on an instrument panel.

Answer 19

Fuel gauge, Spedometor, Tire Pressure.

Question 20

In vehicles equppied with a driver’s side airbag, sitting closer than _____ inches from the steering wheel increases the risk of arm, neck, and facial injuries in a crash.

Answer 20

10

Question 21

To allow enough distance to stop when responding to hazardous objects or conditions, you should identify a planned path of travel _____ seconds ahead.

Answer 21

20-30

Question 22

________ provides less traction than when driving on concrete.

Answer 22

Asphalt, Gravel, Brick, and Dirt

Question 23

If a vehicle’s speed double, e.g. from 20 mph to 40 mph, the distance needed to stop the vehicle increases by _____ times.

Answer 23

4

Question 24

When braking hard, the weight of the vehicle noticeably shifts ________.

Answer 24

To the front of the vehicle.

Question 25

When turning or curving to the right, the contact patches of the _____ increases.

Answer 25

Left side tires.

Question 26

Define hydroplanning, and explain how drivers can prevent hydroplanning from happening.

Answer 26

When a vehicle’s tires rise up on a wedge of water, that is hyrdoplanning. Drivers can avoid this by keeping tires properly inflated, rotate & replace tires when necessary, and to driver slowly.

Question 27

List and esplain factors that affect traction between a vehicle’s tires and a road surface.

List four substances that can reduce traction between a vehicle’s tires and a road surface.

Answer 27

Paint, Wet leaves, Sand, Mud, and Gravel.

Question 28

Explain the relationship between interia and traction.

Answer 28

The tendency to do nothing or remain unchanged; an object in motion will continue to stay in motion until acted upon by an outside force.

Question 29

Natural laws affect vehicles traveling up and down hills. Explain how hills influence vehicle speed and the ability of drivers to accelerate and decelerate.

Answer 29

When moving uphill, gravity decreases so you have to press on the gas to move forward. When moving downhill, gravity incrwases so you have to press the brakes.

TLDR: Going up requires gas whereas going down requires brakes.

Question 30

When starting the engine, you should release the key or start button:

Answer 30

As soon as the engine starts.

Question 31

When backing straight or to the right:

Answer 31

1. Position your right hand on the back of the passenger seat.
2. Grip the steering wheel at the 12 o’clock position with your left hand.
3. Move the wheel left or right in the direction in which you want the rear of the vehicle to go.

Question 32

______ acceleration is used to maintain slow forward motion or allow speed to increase gradually with minimum weight shift.

Answer 32

Light

Question 33

Total stopping distance is made up of:

Answer 33

Reaction time, Breaking time, and Perception time

Question 34

_______ braking is used to smoothly and gradually reduce brake pedal pressure at the end of a braking maneuver, helping avoid abrupt weight transfer when turning at an intersection or into a curve.

Answer 34

Trail

Question 35

List five good habits you should develop when starting a vehicle engine.

Answer 35

1. Turning the key clockwise to start
2. Making sure the parking brake is on set
3. Placing your foot on the brake
4. Releasing the key/start button when the engine starts
5. Making sure the gear selector is on park

Question 36

Expalin how to perform the hand-to-hand, hand-over-hand, and steerinf while backing techniques.

Answer 36

Hand-to-Hand: Keeping both ahnds on the wheel, one hand pushes or pulls while the opposite slides up or down to provide additional steering. Better for left and is slower.

Hand-over-Hand: Right hand at 2 or 3 o’clock, left hand at 9 or 10 o’clock, using left to push the wheel up while bottom hand releases the wheel and passes across your forearm to grip the wheel on the other side.

Steering: Left hand is at 12 o’clock while right hand is behind the passenger seat. For backing towards the left, right hand is at 12 o’clock and the driver is looking behind their left shoulder.

Question 37

List and explain the four levels of acceleration.

Answer 37

1. Idle acceleration: Simply releasing the pressure brake pedal to allow the car to move slowly
2. Light acceleration: Maintaing slow forward motion and gradually increasing speed.
   3.Progressive acceleration: Driver uses firm pressure on accelerator to increase speed up to flow of the traffic.
3. Thrust acceleration: Firm push or thrust of the accelerator which cna be used to pass other vehicles in high-speed traffic.

Question 38

List and explain the four levels of deceleration.

Answer 38

1. Releasing the accelerator: Releasing pressure from the accelerator will stop vehicle;s forward propulsion.
2. Controlled/Squeeze Braking: Enforcing consistent pressure that is sufficient to slow the vehicle while avoiding the weight transfer that can lead to loss traction by the front or rear tires (used in traffic).
3. Threshold braking: You apply the brake pressure to a point just short of locking the brakes (hard and strong).
4. trail/squeeze off braking: Smoothly and gradually reducing the brake pedal pressure at the end of a braking maneuver.

Question 39

Describe how you might communicate to driver behind you when you plan to slow or stop your vehicle.

Answer 39

You can use hand signals when it’s bright outside, tap your brakes (this flashes your brake lights), or tap your horn. try to do anything that can attract the attention to the driver behind you.

Question 40

______ vision is the 5-degree cone representing only 3% of a driver’s total visual field.

Answer 40

Central

Question 41

The distance ahead that you search as you driver is your:

Answer 41

Visual lead

Question 42

Drivers should search at least __________ seconds ahead.

Answer 42

20 to 30

Question 43

Drivers should maintain a visual control zone of at least _____ seconds ahead.

Answer 43

12 to 15

Question 44

To effectively search the total traffic scene, drivers should monitor the area _________ of the vehicle

Answer 44

To the rear, the sides, and the front

Question 45

Define central vision.

Answer 45

Cenral vision is used in targeting or specifically looking at one object or area )3% of driver’s view)

Question 46

Define fringe vision.

Answer 46

Fringe vision is to provide information about lane positions and objects close to the driver’s travel path.

Question 47

Define peripheral vision.

Answer 47

Peripheral vision is to provide drivers information about moving and stationary objects that could pose as threats. This also gives a sense of speed that the driver is traveling. This includes depth and position. This is your direct central vision.

Question 48

Describe how to perform ground viewing and explain how this technique can reduce driving risk.

Answer 48

Ground viewing can help you judge another vehicle’s speed, any changes in speed, and determine whether other driver’s maintain their LANE POSITIONS or are about to change direction. By doing this, it protects everyone around you. This is right in front of you, 4 to 6 seconds ahead, allows you to see threats on the road, and requires minimum distance to react to something harmful.

Question 49

Explain why drivers should have their low-beam headlights on during daylight hours.

Answer 49

Drivers should have their low-beam headlights on during daylight hours because it makes your vehicle much MORE VISIBLE to other road users.

Question 50

A “closing probability” when driving is:

Answer 50

The chance that a vehicle and another object will move closer together as they move along projected paths of travel.

Question 51

Adjusting your speed to address one hazard at a time is caled ________ multiple risks.

Answer 51

Separating.

Question 52

When you are driving, it is most difficult to control the space to your:

Answer 52

Rear

Question 53

In traffic, the best way for you to provide an emergency escape path is to maintain adequate space to the:

Answer 53

Front and at least one side of your vehicle.

Question 54

When faced with dangers close to both sides of your pathway, you should give up:

Answer 54

More space to the side with the more serious consequences.

Question 55

Explain the risk-reduction concept of compromising among multiple risks and give an example of its successful use.

Answer 55

This concept allows you to use effective timing to manage each hazard seperately. An example would be allowing the car on the narrow bridge to pass before entering the bridge yourself.

Question 56

Explain the risk-reduction concept of compromising among multiple risks and give an example of its successful use.

Answer 56

This concept requires for you to compromise and put more space between you and the hazard with the greater risk. An example would be giving the cyclist more room by moving closer to oncoming traffic and to possibly giver cyclists 3 feet of space when passing.

Question 57

Define “reasonable and prudent speed”

Answer 57

Reasonable and prudent speed is, for any set of conditions, a speed that gives the driver a safe path of travel. The ideal provides time and space to brake and/or steer to a safe alternate path at least 4 to 5 seconds ahead if an emergency develops.

Question 58

Identify common traffic-conflict situations

Answer 58

1. Oncoming Vehicles
2. Merging and Exiting Vehicles
3. Cars ahead of you
4. Vehicles behind you
5. Intersecting Vehicles and Pedestrians

Question 59

Explain the steps involved in putting the 3-to-4-second following distance rule into practice.

Answer 59

1. Identify a stationary checkpoint ahead, such as a road sign, light post, shadow across the road, or another fixed object
2. As soon as the rear of the vehicle ahead of you passes the checkpoint, count,”One thousand one, one thousand two, one thousand three,” etc.
3. When the front of your vehicle reaches the checkpoint, stop counting. Anything before 3-4 seconds means you’re too close. Try again.

Question 60

Most staes’ laws require a driver to signal at least _____ feet ahead before turning in an urban area

Answer 60

100

Question 61

When preparing to turn, you should:

Answer 61

Complete your braking before you turn the steering wheel

Question 62

When reversing direction, you should consider:

Answer 62

Traffic density and speed, Street layout and design, and Visiblity and line of sight

Question 63

Your _____ can be used to help you know how far forward to pull into a parking space.

Answer 63

Side mirrors

Question 64

When parking uphill next to a curb, you should turn your front wheels:

Answer 64

Away from the curb

Question 65

Outline the general procedure for safely changing lanes.

Answer 65

1. Search ahead, to the sides, and behind your vehicle identify a safe gap in traffic.
2. Signal your intention to move left or right.
3. Recheck blind zones in the direction of your intended lane change.
4. When you have enough space, gently steer into the new lane, adjusting your speed to match the traffic flow, if necessary. When in new lane, turn off turn signal and recheck speed & position.

Question 66

List the three commonly committed errors that new drivers tend to make when changing lanes.

Answer 66

1. The driver does not signal to communicate the intention to change lanes
2. The driver turns the steering wheel more than necessary
3. The driver moves toward or into the new lane prematurely

Question 67

Outline the proper procedure for enetering and exiting a perpendicular parking space

Answer 67

1. Select a drive way
2. Make sure no traffic is ahead, to your left, right, rear end, and the mirror blind zone to your right
3. Rapidly tap brakes
4. Nobody is behind you
5. Stop 3 feet away from-and parallel to-the curb on your right side with your rear slighly beyond the drive way
6. Shift to reverse, do step 2 again
7. Look over your right shoulder then back your vechile slowly while sharply turning back to the right (clockwise).
8. Look at front again cause car will swing left.As the rear enters the driveway, steer left till the car is centered.
9. Stop asatc has cleared the street
   (asatc= as soon as the car)

Question 68

Outline the procedure for entering a parked space

Answer 68

1. Search L and R for drivers backing out
2. Use brakes lights and turn signal to communicate your intention. Of course, yield the right of way.
3. Position car 8-9 feet from the rears of vehicles parked on the side that ur turning in
4. When u are able to see down the rear side of the vehicle parked in the space u want to enter, sharply turn the steering wheel in the direction of your space. Hit the white line (first line), RIDE THE BRAKE
5. Move forward slowly, allow your front wheels to straighten until el carro es centered. Look at front and rear to make sure u didn’t hit some car.
6. Front wheels are straighetend. NOW move el carro forward. Stop before the curb or front of the parking space. Signal should’ve been off by now.

Question 69

Outline the procedure for exiting a parked space

Answer 69

1. Search vehicle and people. Yield the right of way
2. Signal left or roght
3. Shift to reverse. Look for traffic in all directions, look over your shoulder in la dirrecion ur about to back into, and check both side mirrors.
4. Cover the brake pedal with your foot, back slowly & straight until windshield is lined up with the ends of other parked cars.
5. Continue backing slowly and turn steering wheel in la dirrecion you want to back out to
6. Monitor the position your front vehicle is in to ensure it does not strike the dumb vehicle beside you.
7. Continue backing and straighten front wheels.
8. Stop, Shift to drive, and roll with the correct adjusted speed.

Question 70

Explain how to use a refrence point to help you determine how far to pull forward as you enter a perpendicular parking space.

Answer 70

Projecting sight lines immediately beneath the car’s side mirror’s to a curb or a parling lot ahead of you. You can also use a parked car next 2 u if white line is not present.