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AP World > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

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AP® World History flashcards
1
Q

Describe the ideas and philosophies that embodied the Enlightenment (5)

A
  1. Abolition of serfdom
  2. Centralization of gov
  3. Increased freedoms for people
  4. Religious equality
  5. Human process through application of scientific knowledge
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2
Q

What was John Locke’s philosophy regarding natural rights? (4)

A
  1. Government exists to protect the rights of the people
  2. Inalienable rights
  3. Right to rebel
  4. Life, liberty, property
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3
Q

What were the causes of the French Revolution? (6)

A
  1. Heavy taxes
  2. Poor harvest
  3. Gap between rich and poor
  4. Poor leadership
  5. Government debt
  6. Enlightenment ideas
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4
Q

What were the causes of the American Revolution? (2)

A
  1. The crown limited colonist expansion (Proclamation of 1763)
  2. The crown raised taxes (in debt because of the French Indian War)
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5
Q

Was a the cause of the Haitain Revolution?

A

An attempt to end slavery

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6
Q

What was the impact of the Latin American independence movements? (2)

A
  1. Colonial rule ends in much of Latin America

2. New ideologies

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7
Q

Why did the Industrial Revolution start in England? (2)

A
  1. Access to natural resources

2. Invention and improvement of the steam engine

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8
Q

What natural resources did England have access to? (2)

A

Coal

Iron

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9
Q

How did the industrialization affect the working pattern of women? (2)

A
  1. Women worked in factories until they were married

2. Women entered the working forces as cheap labor

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10
Q

How did the industrialization affect the working pattern of childrem?

A
  1. Children entered the workforces as cheap labor
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11
Q

How did industrialization affect the size of famlies?

A

Size of family decreased

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12
Q

Why did the size of family decrease?

A

Birth control

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13
Q

In which class did family size stay about the same?

A

Working class

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14
Q

How did industrialization affect overall demographics? (4)

A
  1. Population increased
  2. Increased standards of living, though not for all
  3. Increased education
  4. Growth of the middle class
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15
Q

What is capitalism?

A

Economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production with the goal of making a profit

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16
Q

Who founded capitalism?

A

Adam Smith

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17
Q

What is communism?

A

Revolution movement to create a classless order structured upon common ownership of means of production

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18
Q

What was communism a response to?

A

The injustices of capitalism

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19
Q

Where had industrialization spread by 1900? (4)

A

Other parts of Europe
US
Russia
Japan

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20
Q

Who is Otto von Bismarck

A

Unified most German states into a powerful German Empire

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21
Q

Why was the process of unifcation different in Germany than in Italy?

A

Italian unification was supported by France and Great Britiain while these countries opposed German unification

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22
Q

What is zionism?

A

Nationalism of Jewish culture that supports a Jewish nation state in Israel

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23
Q

What does zionism oppose?

A

Assimilation of Jews into other societies

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24
Q

What is a colony?

A

Territory under the immediate polical control of a state

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25
Q

What is a protectorate?

A

A relationship of protectioni and partail control assumed by a superior power over a dependent country or region (indirect control)

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26
Q

What is a sphere of influence?

A

A state’s clain to exclusive or predominant control over a foreign area or territory

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27
Q

What was the purpose of the Berlin Conference of 1885?

A

Divide Africa

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28
Q

How did Social Darwinism impact the “New Imperialism?”

A

Justified it

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29
Q

In 1900, which European power controlled India?

A

British

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30
Q

In 1900, which European power controlled Vietnam?

A

French

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31
Q

In 1900, which European power controlled Algeria?

A

French

32
Q

In 1900, which European power controlled South Africa?

A

Dutch

33
Q

What was apartheid?

A

System of racial segregation in South Africa

34
Q

What were the opium wars about?

A

Chinese wanted to end the British importation of opium

35
Q

What caused the Meiji Restoration?

A

The expansion of US and European influence over Tokugawa Japan

36
Q

What are ethnic enclaves?

A

Places with high ethnic concentration

37
Q

What purposed did ethnic enclaves serve?

A

Cultural diffusion

38
Q

How did dominant cultures response to large scale migration to their countries? (2)

A
  1. Ethnic and racial prejudice

2. Attempted to regulate the flow of immigraiton

39
Q

What event was the immediate cause of WWI in Europe?

A

Assassination of Austria’s Archduke Ferdinand

40
Q

What role did Japan have in WWI? (2)

A
  1. Allied with the Entente Powers

2. Secured the sea lanes in the South Pacific and Indian Oceans against Germany

41
Q

What were the main terms the Germans had to accept under the Treaty of Versailles? (4)

A
  1. Guilt for the war
  2. Loss of territory
  3. Reparations
  4. Limited military
42
Q

What was the foreign policy of the US immediately following WWI?

A

Isolationism

43
Q

What caused Russia to end its involvement in WWI?

A

Russian Revolution

44
Q

What were the two groups fighting in the Russian Civil War?

A 
Bolshevik Red Army (communists)
White Army (anti-communists)
45
Q

What was the ultimate results of the Mandate system establish after WWI?

A

Great Britian and France gained territory in the Middle East

46
Q

What was the long term affect of the mandate system?

A

Future conflicts in the Middle East

47
Q

How did WWI influence popuar culture?

A

Increased propoganda

48
Q

Who was Lenin’s immediate successor as leader of the USSR?

A

Stalin

49
Q

What was the causes of the Great Depression? (5)

A
  1. German reparations
  2. Dominance of US economy in global economy
  3. High protective tariffs
  4. Excessive expansion of credits
  5. Stock Market Crash
50
Q

How did the Great Depression impact the role of governments in their country’s ecnomies?

A

Increased governments role (government did more spending and investing)

51
Q

What is fascism?

A

Form of radical authoritarian nationalism that unifies a nation through a totalitarian state that promotes the mass mobilization of the national community

52
Q

What role did appeasement have in the years leading up to WWII?

A

Allowed Hitler and Japan to annex territory unpunished

53
Q

How did WWII differ from previous wars? (3)

A
  1. Unprecedented global scale
  2. Nuclear weapons
  3. New technology
  4. Required the total commitment of all the nation’s populous and economic resources
54
Q

What was Hitler’s final solution?

A

Annihilate the Jewish people

55
Q

What happened to Japan after WWII? (2)

A

US occupied Japan

Eliminated Japan’s military capabilities

56
Q

How did the agreements made at the Yalta Conference impact Europe following WWII?

A

Divide Germany between Britain, US, France, and USSR (East and West Berlin)

57
Q

Why were the Americans fearful of the USSR following WWII? (2)

A
  1. Buildup by the USSR in arms and nuclear weapons

2. Felt that the USSR was trying to spread communism

58
Q

What was Containment?

A

US policy to prevent the spread of communism

59
Q

What was NATO?

A

Defensive alliance between US, Canada, and western European nations

60
Q

What was the Warsaw Pact?

A

Defensive alliance between USSR and eastern European nations in response of NATO

61
Q

What was the Domino Theory?

A

If one state in a region came under the influence of communism, then the surrounding countries would follow in a domino effect

62
Q

What ultimately caused the end of the Cold War?

A

Collapse of the USSR

63
Q

What two Gorbachev policies led to the collaspse of the USSR?

A

Glasnost (openness)

Perestroika (restructurring)

64
Q

Who was Mohandas Ghandi? (2)

A

Helped lead India to independence through teaching nonviolence

Hindu Muslim unity

65
Q

Who was Jomo Kenyatta?

A

Led Kenya to independence from the British

66
Q

Who is Nelson Mandela? (2)

A

Led black South Africans’ struggle against apartheid

First black president of the Republic of South Africa

67
Q

What happened to the Indian subcontinent after it gained indpendence? ()

A
  1. Western style industrialization
  2. Constitution to prohibt caste discrimation
  3. Ethnic and religious differences caused split (Muslim Pakistan, Hindu India)
68
Q

What is genocide?

A

The systematic and purposeful destruction of a racial, politcal, religious, or cultural group

69
Q

What have been sites of major genocides in the second half of the 1900s? (3)

A

Rwanda
USSR
Cambodia

70
Q

What are the differences between developed and developing countries? (4)

A
  1. Geographic locations
  2. Economic conditions
  3. Social conditions
  4. Population size and rate of growth
71
Q

Compare the birthrates in developed and developing countries

A

Developed countries have lower birthrates

Developing countries have higher birthrates

72
Q

What caused the disparity between developed and developing countries?

A

Colonialism

73
Q

What has caused growing interdependence throughout the world? (5)

A
  1. Better technology
  2. Rise and influence of multinational corporations
  3. Changing role of international boundries
  4. Trade agreements
  5. International organizations
74
Q

What is the most strongly inegrated regional trading bloc today?

A

European Union

75
Q

What are some examples of Ameicanization? (3)

A

Hollywood
McDonalds
Starbucks

76
Q

What is the Demographic Transition Theory?

A

Transitioni from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops from a pre industrial to an industrialized economic system

77
Q

Why has international terrorism been on the rise in the last fifty years?

A

Increased inequitites

AP World (7 decks)

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