Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Experience > FINAL EXAM > Flashcards

FINAL EXAM Flashcards

1
Q

HEALTH PROMOTION

A
  • helps people maintain or enhance their presence health
  • motivates people to engage in healthy regime i.e.. exercising, good nutrition, to reach a more stable level of health
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

chronic illness

A
  • A pt. and their family’s subjective experience of & response to a chronic disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

health disparities

A
  • Differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality rate, and burden of diseases

Affect population groups based on age, gender, ethnicity, socio-economic status, sexual orientation, disability

Occurs when a group has a higher incidence than another

  • Ethnicity, race and culture
  • Geographic location
  • Income
  • Education
  • Occupation
  • Health literacy
  • Gender
  • Age
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Healthy people 2020

A
  • A framework that increases its focus on health promotion, and disease precention
  • leading health indicators which are high priority health issues
  • Hrt. disease
  • stroke
  • HIV
  • injury and prevention
  • LGBTQ+ health
  • mental health
  • oral health
  • older adult health
  • physical activity promotion
  • cancer
  • diabetes
  • MORE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Primary Health Promotion

A
  • promotes prevention and health before a person is diagnosed with any diseases
  • prevention of disease and injuries

Examples
* immunization clinic
* family planning services
* providing poision control information
* accident prevention education
* promoting exercise

Empasis on EDUCATION and prevention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

secondary health promotion

A
  • focuses on screening for early detection
  • identifies a illness and interventions to reverse or reduce severity or provide a cure
  • assessment for children for normal growth and development

Examples

  • annual health screenings and exams
  • dental appointments for teeth cleaning and clavity checks
  • blood pressure screening event in the community
  • vision exams
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Tertiary prevention

A
  • beings after a diagnosis
  • aims at providing rehab with the goal of reducing disability for pt.

Examples
* PT
* OT
* rehab
* surgical trtment
* support groups
* therapy
* job therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

maslows hierachy of needs

A
  1. Physiological needs
    * food, water, warmth and rest
  2. security needs
    * security and saftey
  3. belongingness and love needs
    * intimate relationships and friends
  4. self-actualization
    * self-esteem and feeling of accomplishment
  5. self-actualization
    * Acheiving one’s full potential
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Prochaska’s Theory of needs
(stages of preparation)

A

Pre-contemplation

  • The cons outweigh the pro’s… the person needs to do more research before they’re willing to make a change

Contemplation

  • Person starts thinking about making a change, but is not quite there yet. Usually they’ll consider making a change within the next 6 months.

Preparation

  • Person is making small lifestyle changes in their life

Action

  • Person is actually stopping the habit & is taking measures. Previous habits become barriers to change

Maintenance

  • Person is consistent & integrates lifestyle changes

Relapse

  • Person falls back into habit
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Dimension of Health

A
  • nurses are pt’s adovates
  • nurses must understand pt’s view of health care
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

peplaus’s theory

A

orientation phase
* Problem–> nurse + pt 1st interaction
* services needed

identification phase
* chooses the most appropriate assessment

  • the pt begins to have a sense of belonging

Exploration phase
* nursing implementation

Resolution phase
* Termination of professional relationship between pt and healthcare worker

  • Evaluation phase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

health belief model

A
  • What people perceive and believe to be true about themselves regarding health
  • Explains why certain people take measures to prevent/ treat diseases or illnesses

*People will change if they believe that the benefits outweighs the risks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

health promotion model

A
  • How people interact with the environment to pursue health
  • Individual experiences, beliefs, knowledge, nd characteristics MOTIVATE health promoting behavior
    Increased well-being

Outcome→ behavior that is health related, which is directed towards attaining positive health outcomes and experiences throughout the lifespan

  • environmental influence and self-efficacy= likelihood of change
  • Value expectancy: the idea that a person has a behavior that is rational and economical
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

EMIC DIMENSION

A
  • Subjective view from individual or group experiences of health
  • Patient values opinions of self/group
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

EMIT DIMENSION

A
  • Objective view from a healthcare professional
  • Pt values opinions of docs, nurses and trained health care providers
  • Outsider approach
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dynamics of therapeutic relationships

A
  • trust= belief that others are capable of assisting in times of distress and will do as too
  • empathy= ability to walk a mile in another persons shoes
  • autonomy= ability to direct and control ones activities and destiny
  • caring= energy that allows caregivers to unconditionally accept all people even wen they are most unlovable
  • hope= expectation of achieving a future good
17
Q

Goals of a therapeutic relationship

A
  • Directed energy between 2 people
  • Mvm of pt towards constructive ways of thinking and effective ways of coping
18
Q

TRANSFERENCE

A

TRANSFERRING FEELINGS ABOUT A PERSON TO ANOTHER UNRELATED PERSON

19
Q

COUNTERTRANSFERNCE

A

TRANSFERRING OF NURSES FEELINGS ONTO THE CLIENT

20
Q

COMMUNICATING WITH THE HEARING IMPAIRED

A
  • Speak very distinctly
  • Do not shout
  • Speak slowly
  • Get the person’s attention
  • Maintain a good distance (2 1/2 to 4 feet)
  • Watch for nonverbal feedback
  • Use short sentences
  • Paraphrase for clarification
  • Sign language
21
Q

COMMUNICATING WITH PT WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT

A
  • Braille-prepared computers
  • Ensure well-lit, glare-free examination rooms
  • Avoid loud noises and unexpected movement
  • Use large type and clear handwriting
  • Use large pictures and videos
  • Dysphasic: objects, spelling boards, computers
22
Q

Communicating with Children

A
  • Approach at eye level
  • —Use a calm, friendly voice
  • —Keep parent in the room when possible
  • —Use short sentences
  • —Give simple explanations and demonstrations
  • —Allow child to handle equipment
  • —Use toys and play
  • —Offer choices when they exist
  • —Allow children to express fears
23
Q

THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS

A
  • Interpersonal communication is a complex process
  • Communication occurs when one person sends a message and another person receives it, processes it, and indicates that the message has been interpreted
  • Continual circular process between the sender and receiver
  • Can be either verbal or nonverbal
  • Used to gather, analyze, and interpret information to accomplish work
24
Q

NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES

A

NUTRITION IS LESS THAN BODY REQIURES
* Documented inadequate caloric intake
* Dry, brittle, hair or excessive hair loss
* Hyperactive bowel sounds
* Loss of subcutaneous tissue
* Loss of weight or without adequate caloric intake
* Mental irritability or confusion
* Muscle weakness and tenderness, poor tone
* Pale, dry skin

GOAL:
-Patient shows no signs of malnutrition.
- Patient takes an adequate amount of calories or nutrients.

25
Q

LAB TESTS FOR NUTRITION

A
  • Albumin: visceral protein status (useful for long-term monitoring) 3.5-5 g/dL
  • Prealbumin: visceral protein status (useful for short- term monitoring) 20-50 mg/dL
  • Lymphocyte count: immune function; > 1500 cells/mm
  • Transferrin: iron status (protein for iron absorption and transport); 30-40%
  • Hematocrit (HCT): % of blood that is composed of RBCs (low level may mean deficiencies in iron, Vit. B12 and folic acid)
  • Urine Specific Gravity: fluid deficit or excess; 1.010-1.020
26
Q

OBESITY

A

Primary obesity
* Excess caloric intake for body’s metabolic demands

Secondary obesity
* Chromosomal and congenital anomalies
* Metabolic problems
* CNS lesions and disorders
* Drugs (corticosteroids, antipsychotics)

27
Q

waist circumference

A
  • people with visceral fat with android obesity are at an increased risk or cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome
  • men >40”
  • women > 35’
28
Q

health problems and obesity

A
  • increased mortality rate
  • reduced quality of life
29
Q

weight loss interventions for the obsese

A

Behavior Modification – Stimulus control; Non-food rewards
Support Groups – Weight Watchers; Take off pounds sensibly (TOPS)
Drug Therapy – Appetite suppressants
Bariatric Surgery – Gastric Banding; Gastric Sleeve

30
Q

inactivity and immobility effects

A
  • Slows the basal metabolic rate
  • Gastrointestinal (GI) motility
  • Delays gastric emptying

Manifested as:
* Anorexia
* Constipation
* Increased storage of fat and carbohydrates
* Negative nitrogen balance

31
Q

physical assessment for mobility

A
  • General ease of movement and gait
  • Alignment
  • Joint structure and function
  • Muscle mass, tone, and strength
  • Endurance
  • Resources
32
Q

inactivity and immobility: GU effects

A

Kidney and bladder function diminishes

  • Urinary stasis
  • Urinary retention
  • Renal calculi
  • Urinary tract infection
    Dysuria: pain or burning sensation on voiding
  • Urgency
  • Frequency
  • Fever
  • Small amount
  • Reflux of urine (vesicoureteral reflux)
33
Q

immobility and the skin

A

Pressure ulcer
* Lesion caused by unrelieved pressure
* Over bony prominences
* Interface pressure

Shear
* Friction injury
* Maceration

34
Q

benefits of exercise to cardiovascular system

A
  • Increased efficiency of the heart
  • Decreased resting heart rate and blood pressure
  • Increased blood flow to all body parts
  • Improved venous return
  • Increased circulating fibrinolysin (substance that breaks up small clots)
       Cardiovascular Effects Resulting from Inactivity/Immobility:
  • Deconditioning occurs without exercise; this is a risk for CV disease
35
Q

BMI for children and teens

A
  • less than 5th percentile= underweight
  • 5th percentile to lessthan the 85th percentile= healthy weight
  • 85th percentile to less than the 95th percentile= overweight
  • 95th percentile or greater= obese
36
Q

BMI

A
  • underweight= <18.5
  • normal=18.5-24.9
  • overweight=25-29.9
  • obese= 30-34.9
  • extremly obese= 35<
37
Q

nursing problem

A

Nutrition - Health-seeking
* Need for proper nutrition

Nutrition: less than body requires
* Nutritional deficiencies

Nutrition: more than body requires
* Obesity
* Diet high in nutrients such as fats, carbohydrates,
or sodium

38
Q

cardiovascular effects resulting from inactivity/ immobility

A
  • Valsalva maneuver
  • Reflex bradycardia
    Syncope
    Heart attack
  • Orthostatic intolerance
    Drop in blood pressure for 1 or 2 minutes when client stands (orthostatic or postural hypotension)
  • Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
  • Pulmonary embolism

Human Experience (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions