Final Concept Review Flashcards
Why don’t liquid drugs need to be disintegrated?
they are already in a solution unlike pills and tablets
Why is insulin, growth hormones, and protein-based drugs given parenteral?
to avoid being crushed in the small intestine
Why do some meds need to be given with food?
food increases gastric acid, gastric acid breaks down the meds, so more food =more gastric acid
What do high creatinine or BUN levels indicate?
decreased kidney functions and drugs that need to eliminated through the kidneys should be given in a lower dose
After administering a suppository, what should be done?
have the patient lay on their side for 20 minutes
What can occur with too much albuterol use?
this is a bronchodilator that acts on beta 2 receptors, but using it too much can cause it to act on beta 1 and increase HR and BP
A patient given bethanechol to treat urinary retention is voiding a lot and has loose stool. What is your next action?
this is normal
What do antiparkinsons and anticholinergics treat?
muscle tremors and rigidity
When taking methylphenidate, what should be avoided?
caffeine
When should zolpidem be given?
this is a nonbenzodiazepine sleep aid and should be given 30 minutes before bedtime
Why do benzodiazepines need to be tapered off?
they can cause tremors and muscle twitching if stopped abruptly
A patient just had spinal anesthesia. What is the priority education that should be given?
lay flat for 6-8 hours to avoid losing spinal fluid and getting a headache
How long do anticonvulsants need to be taken?
for a lifetime
What can hydantoins cause?
gingival hyperplasia
What needs to be reported from a pt taking opioids?
urinary retention
What should be reported in a pt taking topical antipsychotics?
muscle spasms
What is given to treat acute anxiety in a child?
an anxiolytic lorazepam
When should SSRIs be given?
in the morning
What foods need to be avoided when taking amoxicillin?
acidic fruits and juices
What should be monitored when giving levofloxacin?
blood sugar bc it increases the effect of hypoglycemic meds
Amphotericin B
not absorbed from the GI tract and can cause neprotoxicity and electrolyte imbalance
What are some symptoms of cystitis?
frequency and painful urination
What is detrol given for?
overactive bladders
Diphenhydramine
can cause drowsiness and urinary retention bc of its anticholinergic effects
What drug can be given to hyperthyroid pts. to decrease HR?
beta blockers
What should be avoided with metronidazole?
alcohol
Why can’t erythromycin and macrolides be given IM?
painful irritation
What can occur if vancomycin is infused too fast?
red man syndrome
What education should be given to pts taking nystatin suspensions?
it should be swished to coat the tongue and buccal mucosa
