Final

Question 1

Skin redness

Answer 1

Erythema

Question 2

The shedding of the outer layers of the skin

Answer 2

Desquamation

Question 3

Hair loss

Answer 3

Epilation

Question 4

Concludes that compared to a child or adult a fetus is most radio sensitive

Answer 4

Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau

Question 5

Refers to the ability I normal tissues to replenish themselves following injury

Answer 5

Repopulation

Question 6

The time during which a course of radiation is given

Answer 6

Protraction

Question 7

Unit of radiation quantity

Answer 7

Roentgen

Question 8

Unit of absorbed dose

Answer 8

Rad

Question 9

Unit of dose equivalent or occupational exposure

Answer 9

Rem

Question 10

Gray

Answer 10

Rad

Question 11

Sievert

Answer 11

Rem

Question 12

Coulomb/kilogram

Answer 12

Roentgen

Question 13

What does ICRP stand for?

Answer 13

International commission of radiological protection

Question 14

What does NCRP stand for?

Answer 14

National council on radiation protection and measurement

Question 15

What is occupational exposure limit?

Answer 15

5rem per year

Question 16

Basic unit of structure and fiction of all living things

Answer 16

Cell

Question 17

How much water makes up a persons total body weight?

Answer 17

80%

Question 18

Cells that are gametes

Answer 18

Germ cells

Question 19

Cells that aren’t germ cells

Answer 19

Somatic cells

Question 20

LET

Answer 20

Linear Energy Transfer

Question 21

RBE

Answer 21

Relative Biological Effectiveness

Question 22

OER

Answer 22

Oxygen Enhancement Ratio

Question 23

A measure of the rate at which energy is deposited as a charged particle travel through matter

Answer 23

LET

Question 24

The relative effect of LET

Answer 24

RBE

Question 25

The dose of radiation that produces a given biological response under anoxic conditions divided by the dose of radiation that produces the same biological response under aerobic conditions

Answer 25

OER

Question 26

What is the most critical target of radiation?

Answer 26

DNA

Question 27

Assume that there is a radiation level reached below where there are no effects observed

Answer 27

Threshold

Question 28

Assumes that any radiation will produce an effect

Answer 28

Non threshold

Question 29

The observed effect is proportional to the radiation dose received

Answer 29

Linear

Question 30

The observed effect is not proportional to the radiation dose received

Answer 30

Non linear

Question 31

Line begins above zero

Answer 31

Threshold

Question 32

Line begins at zero

Answer 32

Non-threshold

Question 33

What does LD stand for?

Answer 33

Lethal dose

Question 34

What is the human LD?

Answer 34

50/60 50% of population within 60 days 250-300 rads

Question 35

What are the 4 response stages?

Answer 35

Prodromal, latent, manifest, death or recovery

Question 36

What are the 3 radiation syndromes?

Answer 36

Bone marrow, CNS, gastrointestinal

Question 37

What is the exposure for hematopoietic (bone marrow) syndrome and how many days till death?

Answer 37

200-1,000R 10-60 days

Question 38

What is the exposure for gastrointestinal syndrome and how many days till death?

Answer 38

1,000-5,000R 4-10 days w/out medical help 2 weeks with

Question 39

What is the exposure for CNS and how many days till death?

Answer 39

Over 5,000R 0-3 days

Question 40

When one arm of the chromosome is broken off and does not reattach itself

Answer 40

Terminal deletion

Question 41

When one arm breaks off, inverts, and reattaches itself

Answer 41

Inversion

Question 42

When one arm breaks off and attaches to a different chromosome

Answer 42

Duplication

Question 43

What are the 2 types of structural changes?

Answer 43

Single-break and Double-break

Question 44

When 2 chromosomes exchange pieces

Answer 44

Translocation

Question 45

What are the 4 populations that are use as sources of data on the incidence of radiation-induced cancer?

Answer 45

1. Atomic bomb survivors 2. Medically exposed patients 3. Occupation ally exposed personnel 4. Populations that receive high natural background exposure

Question 46

What are the 6 types of radiation-induced malignancies?

Answer 46

``` Leukemia Skin carcinoma Thyroid cancer Breast cancer Osteosarcoma(bone cancer) Lung cancer ```

Question 47

One of the most frequently observed radiation-induced cancers

Answer 47

Leukemia

Question 48

What did Russell conclude?

Answer 48

There are no unique mutations

Question 49

What are the 3 stages of development of the fetus?

Answer 49

Pre-implantation Major organogenesis Fetal or Growth stage

Question 50

The theory that ionizing radiation is benign at low levels of exposure, and that doses at the level of natural background radiation can be beneficial

Answer 50

Radiation hormesis

Question 51

Branch of science concerned with the methods of interaction and the effects of ionizing radiation on living systems

Answer 51

Radiobiology