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PHARMACOLOGY 2 Vet Tech > Fill-in-the-Blank Endocrine Drugs > Flashcards

Fill-in-the-Blank Endocrine Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Process by which an end product shuts down further production of the end product.

A

NEGATIVE FEEDBACK

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2
Q

This gland sends hormones that stimulate the pituitary gland.

A

HYPOTHALAMUS

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3
Q

Gland stimulated by the hypothalamus.

A

PITUITARY GLAND

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4
Q

Chemical compound put into the body that originates from outside of the body.

A

EXOGENOUS COMPOUND

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5
Q

Chemical compound that originates from within the body.

A

ENDOGENOUS COMPOUND

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6
Q

What gland releases TSH?

A

PITUITARY GLAND

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7
Q

What gland does TSH stimulate?

A

THYROID GLAND

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8
Q

What structure releases TRH?

A

HYPOTHALAMUS

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9
Q

What gland does TRH stimulate?

A

PITUITARY GLAND

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10
Q

What hormone directly stimulates the thyroid to produce T3 and T4?

A

THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE (TSH)

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11
Q

Which thyroid hormone is the biologically active hormone?

A

TRIIODOTHYRONINE (T3)

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12
Q

Which thyroid hormone is converted by the tissues into the biologically active form based upon the tissue’s metabolic need?

A

TETRAIODOTHYRONINE (T4) = THYROXIN (T4)

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13
Q

What provides the negative feedback on the pituitary and hypothalamus?

A

T3, T4

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14
Q

Too much thyroid hormone is what condition?

A

HYPERTHYROIDISM

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15
Q

Too little thyroid hormone is what condition?

A

HYPOTHYROIDISM

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16
Q

Hypothyroidism caused by a tumor that destroys the thyroid gland would be classified as what type of hypothyroidism? (primary, secondary, tertiary)

A

PRIMARY

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17
Q

Surgical removal of a part of the hypothalamus involved with a cancer growth resulting in hypothyroidism would be classified as what type of hypothyroidism?

A

TERTIARY

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18
Q

What type of hypothyroidism (primary, etc.) has the worst prognosis?

A

SECONDARY AND TERTIARY

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19
Q

What thyroid disease results in an enlarged thyroid gland from a lack of iodine?

A

GOITER

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20
Q

Species of animal that suffers from poor CNS development and contracted tendons if the mother animal is hypothyroid during pregnancy.

A

HORSE

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21
Q

Treatment of choice for canine hypothyroidism.

A

LEVOTHYROXINE

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22
Q

Secondary treatment drug for canine hypothyroidism, if first choice drug is ineffective.

A

LIOTHYRONINE

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23
Q

The clinical condition in which a patient has excessive amounts of thyroid hormone (drug or supplement)

A

THYROTOXICOSIS

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24
Q

This is the state of having normal thyroid concentrations.

A

EUTHYROIDISM

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25
Q

This is the condition that results from too much thyroid hormone.

A

HYPERTHYROIDISM

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26
Q

This term describes the non-drug therapy used to remove the cancerous thyroid gland.

A

THYROIDECTOMY

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27
Q

This term means low white blood cell count.

A

LEUKOPENIA

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28
Q

This hormone is released by the hypothalamus to stimulate the pituitary gland which eventually stimulates the thyroid gland.

A

THYROTROPIN RELEASING HORMONE (TRH)

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29
Q

This hormone directly stimulates the thyroid gland to produce T3 and T4.

A

THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE (TSH)

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30
Q

This drug disrupts the normal production of T3 and T4, but does not destroy the thyroid tumor in cats with hyperthyroidism.

A

METHIMAZOLE (FELIMAZOLE, TAPAZOLE)

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31
Q

This 1-injection hyperthyroidism treatment selectively destroys the thyroid tumor.

A

RADIOACTIVE IODINE (131-I)

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32
Q

This drug is used specifically to block the stimulation for tachycardia seen with hyperthyroidism.

A

PROPRANOLOL OR ATENOLOL

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33
Q

This treatment starves the thyroid tumor of iodine.

A

IODINE-LIMITED DIETS

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34
Q

This drug is used to decrease the systemic hypertension that occurs with hyperthyroidism.

A

AMLODIPINE

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35
Q

Cells that produce insulin in the pancreas.

A

BETA CELLS

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36
Q

Type of diabetes that requires the patient be treated with injectable insulin (What Type and what initials?)

A

TYPE I DIABETES = INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS (IDDM)

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37
Q

Type of diabetes that is caused by poor functioning or decreased numbers of insulin receptors.

A

TYPE II DIABETES = NON-INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS (NIDDM)

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38
Q

This term means “elevated blood glucose”.

A

HYPERGLYCEMIA

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39
Q

This term means “sugar in the urine”.

A

GLUCOSURIA

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40
Q

Storage molecule form of glucose found in the liver.

A

GLYCOGEN

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41
Q

Fish protein added to insulin molecule to slow its absorption rate.

A

PROTAMINE

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42
Q

Type of insulin that has 40 units of biological activity per mL of liquid.

A

U-40

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43
Q

Type of NON-insulin drug that causes blood sugar to go down (in humans).

A

GLIPIZIDE => SULFONYLUREA COMPOUNDS

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44
Q

Animal species from which insulin can be harvested and used safely in dogs and cats.

A

PORCINE

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45
Q

Identify the drug: Short-acting insulin

A

CRYSTALLINE INSULIN

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46
Q

Identify the drug: 2 intermediate-acting insulins

A

(1) NEUTRAL PROTAMINE HAGEDORN (NPH) INSULIN,

2) PORCINE INSULIN ZINC SUSPENSION (PIZ

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47
Q

Identify the drug: 3 long-acting insulins

A

(1) PROTAMINE ZINC INSULIN (PZI),
(2) RECOMBINANT HUMAN INSULIN = INGULIN GLARGINE,
(3) RECOMBINANT HUMAN INSULIN = INSULIN DETEMIR

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48
Q

Identify the drug: 2 recombinant human DNA insulins.

A

(1) INSULIN GLARGINE , (2) INSULIN DETEMIR

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49
Q

Identify the drug: Only insulin that can be given by IV injection.

A

CRYSTALLINE INSULIN

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50
Q

Identify the drug: Insulin of choice for starting treatment for dog diabetes.

A

PORCINE INSULIN ZINC SUSPENSION (VETSULINR)

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51
Q

Identify the drug: Insulin of choice for starting treatment for cat diabetes.

A

CRYSTALLINE IV

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52
Q

Identify the drug: Insulin used to bring down very high levels of blood glucose before starting other insulins for longer-term control.

A

CRYSTALLINE INSULIN

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53
Q

This is the phase of the estrous cycle in which the follicles develop.

A

FOLLICULAR PHASE

54
Q

This is the phase of the estrous cycle in which progesterone dominates.

A

LUTEAL PHASE

55
Q

This is the structure that produces FSH.

A

PITUITARY GLAND

56
Q

This hormone stimulates the release of FSH.

A

GONADOTROPIN RELEASING HORMONE (GnRH)

57
Q

This is the structure that releases the hormone that stimulates FSH release.

A

HYPOTHALAMUS

58
Q

This hormone causes the development of the follicle.

A

FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE (FSH)

59
Q

This structure produces estrogen during the follicular phase.

A

OVARIAN FOLLICLE

60
Q

This phase of the estrous cycle is controlled by the corpus luteum.

A

LUTEAL PHASE

61
Q

Ovulation ends this phase of the estrous cycle.

A

FOLLICULAR PHASE

62
Q

This hormone produces the physical signs associated with estrus.

63
Q

This hormone is released by the follicles during early development and serves to provide negative feedback during the follicular phase on further release of FSH.

64
Q

This hormone lyses the mature follicle.

A

LUTEINIZING HORMONE (LH)

65
Q

After the follicle lyses, it turns into this structure.

A

CORPUS LUTEUM

66
Q

The corpus luteum produces this hormone.

A

PROGESTERONE

67
Q

This hormone creates the corpus luteum.

A

LUTEINIZING HORMONE

68
Q

This hormone prepares the uterus to receive the oocyte.

A

PROGESTERONE

69
Q

The degeneration of this structure signals the end of the luteal phase.

A

CORPUS LUTEUM

70
Q

This hormone produces negative feedback on the hypothalamus and pituitary during the luteal phase.

A

PROGESTERONE

71
Q

This hormone causes the uterus to secrete a nutrient-rich fluid that will nourish the oocyte or the fertilized zygote until it has a chance to implant.

A

PROGESTERONE

72
Q

This is released by the fetus to initiate the process of parturition.

A

ADRENAL CORTICOTROPIC HORMONE (ACTH)

73
Q

This hormone stimulates the uterus to begin to secrete estrogen and prostaglandin.

74
Q

This hormone lyses the corpus luteum.

A

PROSTAGLANDIN

75
Q

With the lysis of the corpus luteum, this hormone decreases.

A

PROGESTERONE

76
Q

This hormone released by the uterus causes more oxytocin receptors to sprout on the uterus.

77
Q

This is the term that describes the smooth muscle layer of the uterus.

A

MYOMETRIUM

78
Q

Stimulation of what by what causes the release of oxytocin?

A

STIMULATION OF CERVIX OR NIPPLES

79
Q

This hormone causes the major contraction associated with labor.

80
Q

A type of drug that is similar to natural GnRH.

A

GONADORELIN

81
Q

This is a technique by which all cattle are synchronized and brought into estrus at the same time without having to identify where each individual cow is in its estrous cycle.

A

TIMED-ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION

82
Q

This type of drug causes the release of natural FSH and LH.

A

GONADORELIN

83
Q

This type of drug is “attracted” to the ovaries and testis.

A

GONADOTROPIN

84
Q

These two terms refer to a group of progesterone-like hormones

A

PROGESTINS OR PROGESTATIONAL HORMONES

85
Q

This type of synthesized drug mimics progesterone effects.

A

PROGESTOGEN OR PROGESTAGEN

86
Q

Drugs that imitate FSH and LH would be called this type of drug.

A

CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN

87
Q

This term means “pus in the uterus”.

88
Q

This term means “inflammation of the uterus”.

89
Q

Progestogens dock with and impair the receptor for what hormone?

90
Q

This is a type of anemia in which the bone marrow cells are wiped out and the animal cannot produce red blood cells and most white blood cells.

A

APLASTIC ANEMIA

91
Q

This type of hormone drug is used to reduce urinary incontinence in spayed female dogs.

92
Q

This type of drug terminates the luteal phase of the estrous cycle and brings all animals in the luteal phase back into the follicular phase and estrus at about the same time.

A

PROSTAGLANDIN

93
Q

This type of drug is used to cause super-ovulation.

A

CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN

94
Q

This type of drug can be absorbed through the skin of the person administering the drug and cause prolongation of the pregnancy if the person is near the end of their pregnancy.

A

PROGESTOGEN

95
Q

This estrogen compound is a potential carcinogen in people and completely banned from any use in food animals.

A

DIETHYL STILBESTROL (DES)

96
Q

This type of drug, if spilled on a pregnant person’s skin, could be absorbed and terminate a pregnancy.

A

PROSTAGLANDIN F2-alpha

97
Q

This type of drug predisposes an animal to pyometra by directly causing changes to the uterus that facilitate bacterial growth.

A

PROGESTOGEN

98
Q

This type of drug also predisposes an animal to pyometra but does so indirectly by increasing the number of progesterone receptors on the uterus.

99
Q

This type of drug can potentially cause severe bronchoconstriction if absorbed into the body of a person administering it who also happens to have asthmas or a similar bronchoconstrictive respiratory disease.

A

PROSTAGLANDIN

100
Q

This type of drug is given to mares or heifers in the follicular phase to stop the estrous cycle and prevent the animals from coming into heat.

A

PROGESTOGEN = PROGESTAGEN

101
Q

This type of drug should be carefully protected from theft because of the rise in thefts from veterinary vehicles or practices for the purpose of inducing an abortion on people.

A

PROSTAGLANDIN F2-alpha

102
Q

This type of drug can extend diestrus (the estrous cycle after estrus – the luteal phase) beyond the period of time when the luteal phase would normally end.

A

PROGESTOGEN

103
Q

This is “pregnant mare serum”.

A

EQUINE CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN (eCG)

104
Q

Identify the drug: Progestagen use in horses as an oral medication.

A

ALTRENOGEST (REGUMATE)

105
Q

Identify the drug: Drug added to heifer feed to suppress the follicular development by suppressing the release of GnRH and FSH/LH and preventing the onset of estrus.

A

MELENGESTROL ACETATE (MGA)

106
Q

Identify the drug: Drug FDA approved for use to help control urinary incontinence in dogs.

A

ESTRADIOL tablets and ESTRIOL (INCURIN) tablets

107
Q

Identify the drug: Drugs (2 of them) used to terminate CL activity in the luteal phase and bring all cattle in the luteal phase back into estrus.

A

DINOPROST TROMETHAMINE (LUTALYSE, InSync)

108
Q

Type of drug that lyses the corpus luteum.

A

PROSTAGLANDIN

109
Q

Type of drug that prolongs diestrus and returns an animal to estrus by stopping the drug.

110
Q

Type of drug that is used to lyse persistent follicles (follicular cysts) and return the animal to estrus.

A

GONADORELIN

111
Q

This is the estrus that occurs shortly after a mare has given birth.

112
Q

Type of drug used to prevent foal heat from occurring by suppressing the release of GnRH, FSH, and LH during the follicular phase.

113
Q

Compound other than FSH that is involved in an increased follicular activity and can be suppressed by dopamine.

114
Q

Type of drug that blocks the action of a natural compound and thereby prevents the suppression of prolactin activity.

A

DOPAMINE ANTAGONIST

115
Q

Type of drug that terminates a pregnancy.

A

PROSTAGLANDIN F2 ALPHA

116
Q

Natural compound that initiates the parturition process.

117
Q

Natural compound that causes a sensitized uterus to contract with great force.

118
Q

Means “difficult labor”.

119
Q

This is using prostaglandins to cut short the luteal phase and allow the mare to re-enter the follicular phase again with the hopes of improving the health of the uterus.

A

SHORT CYCLING

120
Q

Means the state of being persistently in heat.

A

NYMPHOMANIA

121
Q

Period of time during the year in which follicles grow to a certain size, but do not mature and then regress

A

SEASONAL ANESTRUS

122
Q

Identify the drug: What three (types of) drugs are used to manipulate the estrous cycle so breeding can be coordinated?

A

PROSTAGLANDINS, PROGESTINS, GONADORELINS

123
Q

Identify the drug: What (type of) drug is used to delay the onset of foal heat?

124
Q

Identify the drug: What (type of) drug is used to short cycle mares that have just had a foal?

A

PROSTAGLANDIN

125
Q

Identify the drug: What (types of) drugs are used to stimulate the release of FSH and LH to increase follicle development during seasonal anestrus?

A

GnRH ANALOG DRUGS, GONADORELINS

126
Q

Identify the drug: What (type of) drug acts by increasing the release of prolactin and subsequent follicle development?

A

DOPAMINE ANTAGONIST DRUG

127
Q

Identify the drug: What are the two oral birth control medications used in dogs and cats?

A

MEGESTROL ACETATE, MIBOLERONE

128
Q

Identify the drug: What is the anabolic steroid that is used to prevent pregnancy in the dog by suppressing LH release?

A

MIBOLERONE

129
Q

Identify the drug: What are the two prostaglandin F2 alpha analogs used to terminate pregnancies?

A

DINOPROST TROMETHAMINE, LUTALYSE

130
Q

Identify the drug: What drug is used to give the uterus a boost when it has fatigued from dystocia?

PHARMACOLOGY 2 Vet Tech (8 decks)

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