Drug Lists - Antiparasitics

Question 1

List the avermectins. To what category of drugs do avermectins belong?

Answer 1

ivermectin
selamectin
doramectin
eprinomectin

Belong to the macrolides/macrocyclic lactones.

Question 2

List the milbemycins. To what category of drugs do milbemycins belong?

Answer 2

milbemycin oxime
moxidectin

Belong to the macrolides/macrocyclic lactones.

Question 3

What is the mechanism of action for macrolides/macrocyclic lactones?

Answer 3

Hold open chloride channels on muscles cells, by bonding with the glutamate receptors that controls the chloride channel. Holding the channels open means that chlorides flow into the cell, making it more negative and thus harder to depolarize. When the muscle cells can’t depolarize, there is muscle paralysis. A parasite that can’t swallow or use muscles for movement then starved to death and/or gets flushed out by not being able to swim upstream in the GI tract.

Question 4

What two groups of drugs are considered macrolides/macrocyclic lactones?

Answer 4

avermectins

milbemycins

Question 5

List brand names for ivermectin in dogs.

Answer 5

Dogs- Heartgard Plus, Iverhart Max

Question 6

List brand names for ivermectin in cats.

Answer 6

Cats- Heartgard (for cats)

Question 7

List brand names for ivermectin in horses.

Answer 7

Horses- Zimecterin, Eqvalan

Question 8

List brand names for ivermectin in cattle.

Answer 8

Cattle- Ivomec

Question 9

What is the spectrum of activity for ivermectin?

Answer 9

Ivermectins are anti-nematodal (anti-roundworms), including heartworms.

Question 10

How is selamectin administered?

Answer 10

Topically

Question 11

What is the brand name for selamectin?

Answer 11

Revolution