ffactors affectiong growth and development - social and emotional ffactors Flashcards
gender
male of female
gender role
the role or behaviour learned by a person that is appropriete to their gender
gender socialisation
the way children learn to conform to a gender type
gender dysphoria
a condition where a person feels discomfort or distress because theres a mismatch between their biological sex and gender identity
transgender
people who identify as a gender that differs from their sex assigned at birth
transsexual
people who desire medical assistance to transition from one sex to another
positive relationships affect development
- encourage confidence
- improves self esteem as the individual feels loved and valued
damaging relationships affect development
undermine and lower self esteem as the individual feels undervalued
relationship types
- family
- friendship
- working
- intimate/sexual
what is a family
a basic unit of society - groups of people of various ages related by birth, marrige or adoption
extended family
a wider family group other than the main carers
benefits: being part of a supportive family can have positive impacts on the childs development
issues: potential power, struggles and conflict, lack of privacy
nuclear family
consists of parents amd their children living in one residence
benefits: as long as the relationship is healthy, the children will grow up feeling secure with a good sense of
worth
issues: often have to re-locate to find work, further isolating them from reletives
single parent family
someone who is unmarried, or divored and not remarried
benefits: undevided attention, fewer arguments, freedom to make decisions, close relationship
issues: less money, work overload, multitasking, relationship problems
step family (reconstituted/blended)
formed on a remarrige of a divorced or a widowed person
benefits: creation of expanded support system
issues: struggling to bond with step family
looked after children: foster family or children care homes
offers children and young people a safe, loving, and nutruring homewhen they cant live with their birth families
benefits: impacts a childs life, support, learn new skill, child tax credit
issues: edjusting to a new situation, challenging behaviour, missing their family, interacting with birth family
adoptive family
a family where the parents have adopted a child who is not biologically related to them
benefits: receiving the joy and blessing of adding a child to the family
issues: behavioural issues, trauma, disabilities, attachment disorder
same sex families
parents that are the same sex
benefits: raise well-adjusted kids
issues: lack of support, bullying
childless families
families with 2 parents that cannot have children or dont want to
banefits: increased freedom, financial stability, reduced impact of the environment
issues: jelousy, dispair, envy, isolation, bitterness
family provides
- a safe enviroment
- education
- food
- warmth
- protection
- healthcare
- security
- emotional support
high responsiveness, low parental control
loving but lacks structure, permissive, low in control, lacks discapline
child: secure, spoilt, high self-esteem, poor decision
children will be indulgent
high responsiveness, high parental control
sets high expectations and gives nurture: two way relationships. builds trust, comunicative, indipendance encouraged with clear boundries
children: self confident, independant, healthy relationships,
children will be authorative
low responsiveness, low parental control
lack of attention to childs needs: uninvolved, disengaged rejection, emotionally abtesnt
children: difficulty to form relationships, anxiety, depression, behavioural problems
children will be neglectful
low responsiveness, high patental control
sets high expectations but without nurture: controlling, one way control, children not given choices, mistakes punished hardly
children: obetientwith showing love, successful to be accepted, aggressive, shy, low
good friendship
- honesty and trust
- keeping active
- reliability and loyalty
- mutual support
- boosts self esteem
- sharing an interest
disfunctional friendship
- pressures individual into negative behaviours (peer pressure)
- damage to self esteem through constant critizism and bullying
friendships through the life stages
early childhood - play with other children
adolescence - create identity seperate from family (secondary socialisation)
adulthood - social lives outside the family
later adulthood - companionship, a connection to the past. staying active and engaged
good working relationship
- clear roles and responsibilites - lowers stress levels
- learn skills
- higher self esteem
- enjoyment of their job
- praise and recognition
- co-operation, tolerance, leadership, partnership
poor working relationship
- unfair treatment/bullying
- frustrated at work
- may put you in danger
- don’t make progress
- lack social interaction and team building
ground rules for a healthy intimate relationship
- close friendship
- trust and honesty
- mutual respect
- commitment
- personal sharing
emotional effects of a healthy intimate realtionship
- wanted, loved and content reduces stress
- motivated
emotional effects of an unhealthy intimate relationship
- despair
- failure
- rejection
- pressured
- stressed
- anxious
what is abuse
- behaviour towards an individual that deliberatley or intentionally causes harm
- violation of an individuals human and civil rights
- can result in death
who is at risk of being abused
- abuse can be experienced by individuals throughout the life cycle
- vulnarable people - young, elderly, those with disabilities, medical issues, mental health issues or minority
groups - abusers are often those with responsibility over the vulnurable person (carer, friend, relative)
physical abuse
causing physical harm:
hitting, throwing, burning/scalding, suffocating, shaking, poisoning, drowning, self harm,
fabricated/indused illness
emotional abuse
persistant emotional ill treatment of a person to cause severe and persistant adverse affects on development
e.g telling someone they are worthless, unloved, inaduquate
causing a pesron to feel frequently frightened or in danger
often experienced alongside other forms of abuse
sexual abuse
in children:
forcing a child to take part in sexual activities, physical sexual contact, non contact activities (making children look at pornographic material, or encouraging children to behave in sexually inapropriette ways)
in adults
rape and sexual assault, sexual acts to which the adult hasnt consented, or could not consent, or was forces into consenting
neglect
the persistant failure to meet a person’s physical and/or psychological needs, likely to result in the serious imparement of the persons health or development
failing to provide adequate food, clothes, shelter
failing to protect a person from physical harm or danger
failure to ensure access to appropriete medical care or treatemnt
neglecct of childs basic emotional needs
domestic abuse
threatening behaviour, violence or abuse between adults who are or have been in a relationships, or between family members
- psychological, physical, sexual, emotional
- honour base violence
- female genital mutilation
- forced marrige
what does ACES stand for
Adverce Childhood Experiences
long term impact of ACES
- affects perception of reality
- wires brain to expect danger
- takes away sense of safety
- increases hormones flowing through the body
- creates relationship problems
causes of ACES
- abuse
- witness/victim of violence
- neglect
- bullying
- war/terrorism
- mental illness
positive educational experiences
physical - able to make good choices about health
intellectual - develop knowlage and skills, growth mindset, enjoyment of learning
emotional - high self-esteem, oppertunities to fulfill potential
social - more career choices, higher salary, time with frinds
negative educational experiences
physical - poor choices about health, stress, ignorant of consequences of poor choices
intellectual - lack of knowlage and skills
emotional - low self-esteem, low confidence, feeling lack of worth
social - bullying, low salary, lack of career prospects, may be socially isolated
positive employment experiences
physical - stay fit in an active job
intellectual - learn new skills
emotional - enjoy job, high self esteem
social - meet new people
negative employment experiences
physical - sedentary job
intellectual - dont understand the skills
emotional - dont enjoy, low self esteem
social - dont get on with peers
ethnicity
people who share an ethnicity may have:
- shared way of life/culture
- common geographic origin
- similar skin colour/genetic heratige
- a common language or religion
diversity
a range of different and varied things
advantages of living in a diverse comunity
- sharing ideas and perspectives
- sharing innovation
- tolerance
- respect
- acceptance
- reduce prejudice and sicrimmination
challenges of living in a diverse comunity
- tention and conflict
- trying to remain seperate
- ignorant of others beliefs
- clash of values and lifestyles
- fear of losing identity
