Female Reproductive System Flashcards
What are the peptide hormones
GnRH, OT, FSH, LH, Prolatin, Inhibit
what peptide hormones get released from hypthalamus
GnRH, OT
what peptide hormones get released from pituitary
FSH, LH, prolactin
what peptide hormoens get released from ocarian
inhibin
what are the steroid hormones
estradiol, progesterone, androstenedione, testosterone
What releases the steroid hormones
ovary
function of GnRH
acts on anti. pit to release gonadotropins
function of LH
act on ovary to increase estrogen/progersterone/inhibins
functino of FSH
Act on ovary to increase estrogen/progesterone/inhibins.
function of estrogen
Increases size of uterus, ovaries, vagina, breasts (does not convert them to milk producing organs). Proliferation of endometrial stroma lining. Inhibits osteoclast activity. Increases body protein and fat deposition. Sodium and water retention. Makes mucous thin and stringy which can help guide sperm
function of progestone
Promotes secretory changes of uterus, prepares it for implantation. Decreases uterine contractions. Decreases prostaglandin production. Secretes fluid in fallopian tubes. Secretory development of breast tissue. Opposite effect on cervical mucous – increased viscosity.
primary oocyte
surrounded by granulosa cells and is referred to as primordial follicle
what do granulosa cells secrete
oocyte-maturation inhbiting factor that halts further maturation
what are the 2 phases of follicular development
follicular phase
luteal phase
follicular phase
endometrial proliferation
follicle development
when does luteal phase occur
after oculation
what happens during luteal phase
coreus luteum forms
endometrial differentation
menses
level of INhibin A in follicular and luteal phase
low in follicular
high in luteal
level of inhibin B in follicular and luteal phase
moderate in follicular phase
spikes at beginnin gof luteal, then is low
level of estradiol in follicular and luteal phase
low in both but spikes inbetween
LH and FSH levels in follicular and luteal phases
low in follicular
spikes at beginnin gof luteal then is low again
what does LH cause in follicular phase
theca cells to synthesis androstendione
what does androsternoid get converted to
estradiol
what happens after the spike of FSH in follicular phase
granulosa and teca cells proliferate
granulosa and theca cells proliferating leads to what
increased steroid production
estradiola have what affect on RSH
increases FSH recepotors, increasing granulosa cell sensitivity to RSH and increasing follicular secretions
effect of FSH and estradiol on LH
increases LH receptors on theca cells also increasing follicular secretion
what affect does inhibin B have on FSH
inhibits
proliferation of epithelial cells in endometrium is controlled by what, and when is this happening
estrogen
follicular phase
what are progesteron and estrogen doing during the luteal phase
exert neg feedback at level of anti- pit.
what happens with estrogen right before ovulation
spikes for a day, causes pos feedback on gonadotropins
what is required for ovulation
LH
what happens to progesterone if ovulation occurs
is thermogenic, increases basal body temp slightly
what cells create the corpus luteum
thecal, granuloa, endothelial, lipids, and immune cells
function of corpeus luteum
acts like a temporary endocrine gland that secrets estradiol and progestreone
function of theca cells
convert cholesterole into androstedione in response to LH
what happens to androstenedione
converted to estrdiol in luteinizing granuloa cells which are controlled by LH
what is responsible for differention/secretory development of endometrial lining in luteal phase
progestone
progestrone and inhibin A exert neg feedback on _______ from _____
gonadotropins
ant. pit
less steroid synthisis from corpus luteum leads to what
regression of corpeus luteum
decline in estrogen and progestrone resulines in what
release of proteolytic enzymes which lyse tissue
corpus luteum secrets ____ which inhibits myometrial contractions
relaxin
what affect does progesterone have during pregnancy
suppresses uterine contraction, inhibits prostaglandin produciton, impacts immune response
what affect does estrogen have during pregnancy
stimulates uterine growth
thickens vaginal epithelium and growth/development of mammary epithelium
what happens with GnRH during puberty
pulsatile release at night
function of GnRH during puberty
increases estrogen synthesis
decreass in folliicles during menopause results in what
decline in estradiol and inhiin
what does decline of estradiol and inhibin result in
loss of neg feeddback and elevated LH, RSH.
