Anterior and Posterior Pituitary I and II

Question 1

What are the steroid hormones

Answer 1

aldosterone, cortisol
testosterone, estrogens, progestrone
bit D

Question 2

what are the amino hormones

Answer 2

norepinephrine, epinephrine, thyroid hormones

Question 3

What hormones are water soluble

Answer 3

peptide hormones, amine hormones

Question 4

what hormones are lipid soluble

Answer 4

steroid hormones

Question 5

what hormones bind to surface receptors

Answer 5

peptides, amine hormones

Question 6

what hormones bind to receptors in cytosol or nucelus

Answer 6

steroid hormones, thyroid hormone

Question 7

short loop negative feedback

Answer 7

goes from hypothalum to anterior pitutary back to hypothalumus

Question 8

long loop negative feedback

Answer 8

goes from hypothalum to anterior pitutary to target organ then back to hypothalmus

Question 9

adenohypophysis

Answer 9

another name for anterior pituitary

Question 10

neurohypophysis

Answer 10

another name for posterior pituitary

Question 11

what connects the posterior pituitary to hypothalamus

Answer 11

hypothalmohypophyscial tract

Question 12

pars intermedia

Answer 12

between anterior an dposterior pituitary, poorly developed in humans

Question 13

what hormones does the hypothalmus release

Answer 13

hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
hypothalamic thryrotropin releasing hormone (TRH)
hypothalamic gonadotropin releasing hormone
growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)
growth hormone inhibiting hormone (somatostatin)

Question 14

action of hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone

Answer 14

controls corticotropin or ACTH

Question 15

action of TRH

Answer 15

controls TSH

stimulates secretion of prolactin

Question 16

What 4 tropic hormones does the anterior pituitary release

Answer 16

ACTH, TSH, FSH, LH

Question 17

What are the 2 nontropic hormones that the anterior pituitary releases

Answer 17

prolactin

growth hormone

Question 18

function of ACTH

Answer 18

stimulates synthesis and secretion of adrenocortical hormones by adrenal cortex
main affect is stimulation of cortisol synthesis and secretion

Question 19

what is FSH synthesized by

Answer 19

gonadotropes of anterior piturtary

Question 20

function of FSH

Answer 20

females - growth of follicles in ovaries

males - sperm maturation

Question 21

what is LH stynthesized by

Answer 21

gonadotropes of anterior pitutary

Question 22

function of LH

Answer 22

males - stimulation of testostrone synthesis

females - stimulation of oculation, formation of corpus letuem, estrogen/progesterone synthesis

Question 23

regulators of GH secretion

Answer 23

GHRH
Somatostatin
Ghrelin

Question 24

function of GH

Answer 24

stimulates protein synthesis and growth

stimulates production of insulin-like growth factors

Question 25

function of prolactin

Answer 25

promotes development of female breast and milk production (BUT NOT EXCRETION)

Question 26

what hormones are released by the posterior pituitary

Answer 26

vasopressin, oxytocin

Question 27

what is the other name for vasopressin

Answer 27

ADH

Question 28

what medication can cause equired diabetes insipidus

Answer 28

lithium

Question 29

function of oxytocin

Answer 29

helps with breast feeding and uterus during pregnancy

Question 30

milk let down reflex

Answer 30

myoepithelial cells lining the breast ducts contract causing milk ejection - may be in response to baby crying

Question 31

how does oxytocin affect the uterus

Answer 31

distension of cervix and contraction of uterus stimulate release of oxytocin which has positive feedback

Question 32

general functions of GH

Answer 32

increase rate of protein sythesis
increase release of fatty acid from adipose tissue
decreased use of glucose throughout the body
increase glucose synthesis by liver
increased insulin secretion

Question 33

how does GH affect bone growth

Answer 33

stimulates osteoblasts

Question 34

GH and insulin like growth factors

Answer 34

GH has a short half life, but somatomedin has a longer half life. GH can actually increase the production and release of IGF

Question 35

panhypopitarism

Answer 35

pituitary gland doesn’t work the way it should, don’t get hormones