Female Reproductive System Flashcards
Which stage of ovarian follicle development is characterized by an initial period of follicular fluid accumulation?
a. Graafian follicle
b. Mature follicle
c. Primordial follicle
d. Oocyte
e. Secondary follicle
e. Secondary follicle
Which of the following is characteristic of granulosa lutein cells?
a. Are a minor cell type in the corpus luteum
b. Derive from the theca interna
c. Contain abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum
d. Are small and dark-staining
e. Secrete progesterone
e. Secrete progesterone
Which of the following hormones is primarily responsible for inducing ovulation?
a. Relaxin
b. LH
c. Progesterone
d. FSH
e. Estrogen
b. LH
Which feature is characteristic of the corpora albicans but not of atretic follicles?
a. May contain degenerating granulosa cells floating in remnants of follicular fluid
b. Resemble large collagenous scars
c. Eventually removed by macrophages and replaced by stroma
d. Are remnants of follicles that degenerate before maturation
e. May contain degenerating oocytes
b. Resemble large collagenous scars
Endometrial glands are typically most fully developed and filled with the product during which day(s) or phase of a woman’s menstrual cycle?
a. Menstrual phase
b. Days 1-4
c. The day ovulation occurs
d. Proliferative phase
e. Days 15-28
e. Days 15-28
Which feature is characteristic of the endometrium’s basal layer but not of its functional layer?
a. Includes the uterine surface epithelium
b. Includes connective tissue
c. Contains cells that replace the surface epithelium after menstruation
d. Relies solely on spiral arteries for its blood supply
e. Undergoes cyclic thickening and shedding
c. Contains cells that replace the surface epithelium after menstruation
Most lipid in milk is released from cells by which mechanism?
a. Apocrine secretion
b. Paracrine secretion
c. Holocrine secretion
d. Merocrine secretion
e. Autocrine secretion
a. Apocrine secretion
A 33-year-old woman with an average menstrual cycle of 28 days comes in for a routine Pap smear. It has been 35 days since the start of her last menstrual period, and a vaginal smear reveals clumps of basophilic cells. As her physician, you suspect which of the following?
a. She will begin menstruating in a few days.
b. She will ovulate within a few days.
c. Her serum progesterone levels will be found to be very low.
d. There will be detectable levels of hCG in her serum and urine.
e. She is undergoing early menopause.
d. There will be detectable levels of hCG in her serum and urine.
A 17-year-old girl with a history of pelvic inflammatory disease presents at the emergency department with severe pain in her lower right side that came on fairly quickly. Upon questioning, she replies that her last menstrual period was 6 weeks ago and that she has never missed a period before. The doctor suspects she has an ectopic pregnancy and this is quickly confirmed by ultrasound testing. The
surgeon removes her right uterine tube that is inflamed, scarified, and contains the implanted embryonic tissue in the region where fertilization normally occurs. Where is this?
a. The uterine part of the oviduct
b. The ampulla region with highly folded mucosa
c. The only oviduct region attached to the mesosalpinx
d. The infundibulum region with fimbriae
e. The isthmus region
b. The ampulla region with highly folded mucosa
A 42-year-old woman visits her physician complaining of recurrent vaginal yeast infections. The doctor explains the likelihood that the woman’s vaginal lining is temporarily out of proper acid-base balance, leading to the increased susceptibility to yeast infections. The normally low pH in the vagina is maintained by which of the following?
a. A proton pump in the epithelial cells similar to that in osteoclasts
and parietal cells
b. Secretions derived from intracellular carbonic acid
c. Secretion of lactic acid by cells of the stratified squamous
epithelium
d. Bacterial metabolism of glycogen to produce an organic acid
e. Synthesis and accumulation of acid hydrolases in the epithelium
d. Bacterial metabolism of glycogen to produce an organic acid
