Female reproductive system Flashcards
What is the alternate name for the recto-uterine pouch?
Pouch of Douglas (in between the uterus and rectum)
What other pouch is commonly a site of infection?
Vesico-uterine pouch
What are the regions of the uterus?
Fundus (upper part), Body and Cervix (lower part leading to vagina)
- make up pear shape
What do anteflexion and anteverison mean?
Anteflexion - bent forward on itself
Anteversion (of uterus) - the axis of cervix forms 90 degree angle with axis of vagina
- Uterus bends around the bladder
What is the name of the peritoneum covering the uterus ?
Broad ligament - extends across anterior and posterior of the uterus reaching lateral walls of the pelvis and pelvic floor on the sides
What structures are carried by the broad ligament?
- Uterine tubes
- Ovaries
- Round ligament of uterus
- Ovarian ligament
- Lymphatic vessels and nerves
- Uterine and ovarian vasculature
What structure attaches the ovary to the broad ligament?
Mesovarium
What are the anterior relations of the uterus?
Vesico-uterine pouch
superior surface of bladder
What are the posterior relations of the uterus?
Recto-uterine pouch
What are the lateral relations of the uterus?
Broad ligament
What are the terminal branches of the abdominal aorta?
Right and left common iliac arteries
What are the terminal branches of the common iliac arteries?
External and internal iliac arteries (E and I found on right and left side)
What artery does the uterine artery branch from and what does it supply?
Internal iliac artery
uterus
Where does the ovarian ligament attach to and what is its function?
ovary to Cornu of uterus
supportive
Where does the suspensory ligament of the ovary attach to and what does it carry?
Lateral region of ovary and lateral wall of pelvis
carries ovarian artery, vein, lymphatic vessels and nerves within the ligament
What is the alternative name for uterine tubes?
Fallopian tubes
What are the parts of the uterine tubes?
Infundibulum (attaches to ovaries)
Ampulla
Isthmus
Interstitial (attached to uterus)
What is the adaption of the infundibulum?
Fimbriae which are extensions which help waft the egg into the uterus
What are the levator ani pelvic floor muscles
Puborectalis
pubococcygeus (wraps around the puborectalis)
iliococcygeus
What is the lymphatic drainage of the fundus of the uterus, uterine tubes and ovaries?
Lumbar lymph nodes
Where does the lower part of the uterus drain too?
External iliac lymph nodes and sacral lymph nodes
Where does the cervix drain to?
internal iliac
where will lymph drain from the vagina?
upper part - internal iliac
lower - sacral
Describe the anatomy of the breast?
- 15-20 lobules of glandular tissue embedded within adipose tissue
- lobules separated by fibrous septa which run from subcutaneous tissue to fascia of chest wall
What are the fibrous septa separating breast lobules called?
Ligaments of Cooper
What structures are responsible for carrying milk for breast feeding?
Attached to each lobule is a lactiferous duct at the end of which is a lactiferous sinus
Where is it important to examine in a breast examination?
The Axillary region as breast tissue continues into the axilla
Where does lymph from the Breasts drain?
- Majority into axilla (lateral quadrants drain into axillary lymph nodes)
- lymph from medial quadrants drains into parasternal nodes but an also drain into the other breast
- inferior quadrants into abdominal nodes
Where is breast cancer very likely to metastasise too?
The other breast
