Female reproductive system

Question 1

What is the alternate name for the recto-uterine pouch?

Answer 1

Pouch of Douglas (in between the uterus and rectum)

Question 2

What other pouch is commonly a site of infection?

Answer 2

Vesico-uterine pouch

Question 3

What are the regions of the uterus?

Answer 3

Fundus (upper part), Body and Cervix (lower part leading to vagina)
- make up pear shape

Question 4

What do anteflexion and anteverison mean?

Answer 4

Anteflexion - bent forward on itself
Anteversion (of uterus) - the axis of cervix forms 90 degree angle with axis of vagina
- Uterus bends around the bladder

Question 5

What is the name of the peritoneum covering the uterus ?

Answer 5

Broad ligament - extends across anterior and posterior of the uterus reaching lateral walls of the pelvis and pelvic floor on the sides

Question 6

What structures are carried by the broad ligament?

Answer 6

• Uterine tubes
• Ovaries
• Round ligament of uterus
• Ovarian ligament
• Lymphatic vessels and nerves
• Uterine and ovarian vasculature

Question 7

What structure attaches the ovary to the broad ligament?

Answer 7

Mesovarium

Question 8

What are the anterior relations of the uterus?

Answer 8

Vesico-uterine pouch

superior surface of bladder

Question 9

What are the posterior relations of the uterus?

Answer 9

Recto-uterine pouch

Question 10

What are the lateral relations of the uterus?

Answer 10

Broad ligament

Question 11

What are the terminal branches of the abdominal aorta?

Answer 11

Right and left common iliac arteries

Question 12

What are the terminal branches of the common iliac arteries?

Answer 12

External and internal iliac arteries (E and I found on right and left side)

Question 13

What artery does the uterine artery branch from and what does it supply?

Answer 13

Internal iliac artery

uterus

Question 14

Where does the ovarian ligament attach to and what is its function?

Answer 14

ovary to Cornu of uterus

supportive

Question 15

Where does the suspensory ligament of the ovary attach to and what does it carry?

Answer 15

Lateral region of ovary and lateral wall of pelvis

carries ovarian artery, vein, lymphatic vessels and nerves within the ligament

Question 16

What is the alternative name for uterine tubes?

Answer 16

Fallopian tubes

Question 17

What are the parts of the uterine tubes?

Answer 17

Infundibulum (attaches to ovaries)
Ampulla
Isthmus
Interstitial (attached to uterus)

Question 18

What is the adaption of the infundibulum?

Answer 18

Fimbriae which are extensions which help waft the egg into the uterus

Question 19

What are the levator ani pelvic floor muscles

Answer 19

Puborectalis
pubococcygeus (wraps around the puborectalis)
iliococcygeus

Question 20

What is the lymphatic drainage of the fundus of the uterus, uterine tubes and ovaries?

Answer 20

Lumbar lymph nodes

Question 21

Where does the lower part of the uterus drain too?

Answer 21

External iliac lymph nodes and sacral lymph nodes

Question 22

Where does the cervix drain to?

Answer 22

internal iliac

Question 23

where will lymph drain from the vagina?

Answer 23

upper part - internal iliac

lower - sacral

Question 24

Describe the anatomy of the breast?

Answer 24

• 15-20 lobules of glandular tissue embedded within adipose tissue
• lobules separated by fibrous septa which run from subcutaneous tissue to fascia of chest wall

Question 25

What are the fibrous septa separating breast lobules called?

Answer 25

Ligaments of Cooper

Question 26

What structures are responsible for carrying milk for breast feeding?

Answer 26

Attached to each lobule is a lactiferous duct at the end of which is a lactiferous sinus

Question 27

Where is it important to examine in a breast examination?

Answer 27

The Axillary region as breast tissue continues into the axilla

Question 28

Where does lymph from the Breasts drain?

Answer 28

• Majority into axilla (lateral quadrants drain into axillary lymph nodes)
• lymph from medial quadrants drains into parasternal nodes but an also drain into the other breast
• inferior quadrants into abdominal nodes

Question 29

Where is breast cancer very likely to metastasise too?

Answer 29

The other breast