Female Pathology, Uterus

Question 1

dx: retained products of conception following delivery, miscarriage, abortion, or IUD, fever
what are the expected histological findings?

Answer 1

endometritis; plasma cells in endometrial stroma

Question 2

what do endometrial polyps consist of?

Answer 2

benign biphasic (glands AND stroma) neoplastic growth

Question 3

endometrial hyperplasia: pathology, increases risk for what, clinical presentation, risk factors

Answer 3

abnormal endometrial gland proliferation usually caused by excess estrogen stimulation; increased risk of endometrial carcinoma; presents as postmenopausal vaginal bleeding
risk factors: anovulatory cycles, hormone replacement therapy, polycystic ovarian syndrome, granulosa cell tumor

Question 4

endometrial hyperplasia: histology

Answer 4

gland proliferation, increased gland:stroma ratio

Question 5

endometrial carcinoma: histology, risk factors

Answer 5

back to back glands, cellular atypia, abundant mitosis (including abnormal forms), necrosis
risk factors: obesity, diabetes, hypertension, infertility, exposure to unopposed estrogen

Question 6

type I endometrial carcinoma is associated with ____ mutations and type II is associated with ___ mutations

Answer 6

PTEN; p53

Question 7

type II endometrial carcinoma: pathogenesis

Answer 7

develops in older women in the background of atrophic endometrium, unrelated to endometrial hyperplasia; very aggressive tumor, associated with p53 mutation